Introduction a Introduction
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Bhakti-yoga TEXT 5 Ta&Tvai%l/aTMadiYaTaeěrMaaié[TaaNaa&SavaRQaRd&Svk*-TaiviÜSa*JaeTak-aeNau ) k-aeva>aJaeiTk-MaiPaivSMa*TaYae_Nau>aUTYaEik&-va>aveNNaTavPaadrJaaeJauza&Na> ))5))
taŕ tväkhilätma-dayiteçvaram äçritänäŕ sarvärtha-daŕ sva-kĺta-vid visĺjeta ko nu ko vä bhajet kim api vismĺtaye ‘nu bhütyai kiŕ vä bhaven na tava päda-rajo-juńäŕ naů Who could even think of rejecting You, the Supreme Soul, the most dear object of worship, and the Supreme Lord of all, who awards all possible perfections to the devotees who take shelter of You? Who could be so ungrateful, knowing the great mercy You bestow? Who would reject You and accept something for the sake of material enjoyment, which simply leads to a miserable condition of life? What is there lacking for us who are engaged in the service of the dust of Your lotus feet? COMMENTARY The Lord is the well-wishing friend of all living entities, and for their benefit, He imparts instructions on devotional service to His empowered representatives, such as Närada Muni. The Lord is the bestower of the fruits of everyone’s activities because He is the supreme controller, but He particularly fulfills all the desires of His devotees. The Lord showered great compassion upon devotees such as Bali and Prahläda. Knowing this, who would want to abandon Him? Only the most fallen, dry, and ungrateful yogis reject the service of the Supreme Personality of Godhead. How can an unalloyed devotee of the Lord desire elevation to the heavenly planets or liberation? How is it that devotees such as Bali and Prahläda, who were free from material desires, attained such a status of material enjoyment, and even liberation? The answer to this dilemma is found in the
mercy.
734 UDDHAVA-GÉTÄ TEXT 6 NaEvaePaYaNTYaPaiciTa&k-vYaSTaveXab]řaYauzaiPak*-TaMa*ÖMaud>SMarNTa> ) Yaae_NTabRihSTaNau>a*TaaMaXau>a&ivDauNvŕacaYaRcEtYavPauzaSvGaiTa&VYaNai˘- ))6))
My dear Lord, those who are learned scholars in the transcendental science could never properly express their indebtedness to You, even with a lifetime of Brahmä, because You manifest Yourself externally as the äcärya and internally as the Supersoul, to deliver the conditioned souls by instructing them how to return to You. COMMENTARY “As all surrender unto Me, I reward them accordingly.” This reward of the Lord is not artificial—it is natural. It is ultimately the Lord who is the bestower of the results of everyone’s activities. Even by rendering devotional service for a duration of one thousand kalpas, a devotee cannot repay the debt he feels to the Lord for having awarded him loving service to His lotus feet. The word äpaciti indicates that a devotee could not repay his debt to the Lord, even by rendering service to Him for the duration of Brahmä’s life. The Lord guides the living entities from without as the mantra guru and çikńä guru, and by imparting instructions of devotional service, and from within, He guides the living entities as the Supersoul. The Lord has personally stated this in the Bhagavad-gétä: teńäŕ satata-yuktänäŕ bhajatäŕ préti-pürvakam dadämi buddhi-yogaŕ taŕ yena mäm upayänti te To those who are constantly devoted to serving Me with love, I give the understanding by which they can come to Me. PURPORT Expert and sober devotees, despite being very qualified and having a lifespan like that of Brahmä, cannot repay the Lord’s favor upon them by awarding them auspiciousness while remaining seated within their hearts as the Supersoul. Bhakti-yoga TEXT 7 é[qXauk- ovac wTYauÖveNaaTYaNaur˘-ceTaSaaPa*íaeJaGaT§-I@Nak->SvXai˘-i>a> ) Ga*hqTaMaUiTaR}aYa wRěreěraeJaGaadSaPa[eMaMaNaaehriSMaTa> ))7)) çré-çuka uväca Ity uddhavenäty-anurakta-cetasä pĺńöo jagat-kréňanakaů sva-çaktibhiů gĺhéta-mürti-traya éçvareçvaro jagäda sa-prema-manohara-smitaů 735 Çukadeva Gosvämé said: Being thus questioned by the most affectionate Uddhava, Lord Kĺńëa, the master of the demigods, who considers the entire universe as His plaything, and assumes the three forms of Brahmä, Vińëu and Çiva, began to reply while lovingly displaying His all-attractive smile. COMMENTARY This material world is also a place for the Lord’s eternal pastimes. He enjoys in this world with His internal, marginal, and external energies as the Supersoul within the hearts of all living entities. He inspired Uddhava from within to place before Him these inquiries for the benefit of future devotees. The Lord exhibits His pastimes within this material world, just to distribute the transcendental mellows of devotional service. Here, Uddhava is the audience and Lord Kĺńëa is the speaker. Similarly, Çukadeva Gosvämé became the speaker and Mahäräja Parikńit became the listener. These conversations shower the nectar for which all living entities are hankering. Çré Kĺńëa alone is capable of bestowing actual mercy, which only brings unmixed auspiciousness. He is the controller of all the universal controllers. He spoke to Uddhava while displaying His most enchanting smile. TEXT 8 é[q>aGavaNauvac hNTaTaek-QaiYaZYaaiMaMaMaDaMaaRNSauMa®l/aNa( ) YaaNé[ÖYaacrNMaTYaaeRMa*TYau&JaYaiTaduJaRYaMa( ))8)) çré-bhagavän uväca hanta te kathayińyämi mama dharmän su-maěgalän yän çraddhayäcaran martyo mĺtyuŕ jayati durjayam 736 UDDHAVA-GÉTÄ The Supreme Personality of Godhead said: Yes, I shall describe to you the religious principles of devotion to Me, by executing which a mortal human being can conquer unconquerable death. COMMENTARY Out of compassion, Lord Kĺńëa will explain the principles of devotional service unto Him. These principles are very auspicious and should be followed by all human beings with great faith. It is only in this way that the conditioned souls can conquer unconquerable death.
ku-YaaRTSavaRi MaYYaiPaRTaMaNaiętaaeMaÖMaaRTMaMaNaaeriTa> ))9))
The Lord will herein describes devotional service that is unmixed with karma and jďäna. One should keep his body clean by brushing his teeth and bathing. One should keep his existence in a purified state by hearing and chanting the glories of the Supreme Lord. Ordinary human beings should follow the principles of varëäçrama, and while performing all activities, they should remember the Supreme Lord. One whose heart is always fixed in meditation upon the Lord and His characteristics is a first-class devotee.
TEXT 10 deXaaNPau devaSaurMaNauZYaezuMa٢-acirTaaiNac ))10))
Bhakti-yoga 737 One should reside in a holy place that is inhabited by My saintly devotees, and one should follow in their footsteps. Such devotees appear among the demigods, demons, and human beings. COMMENTARY What is unalloyed devotional service? What is vaidhé-bhakti and rägänugä-bhakti? These are being explained, one after another. One should live in a holy place, such as Dväräkä. One should follow the instructions and exemplary behavior of exalted personalities like Närada Muni, Prahläda Mahäräja, and King Ambarińa. This is called
Govardhana, or Vĺndävana, and follow in the footsteps of the gopés, like Candrakänti and Vĺëdä, is called rägänuga-bhakti, or devotional service in attachment.
Pa*Qak( Sa}ae k-arYaeÓqTaNa*TYaaŰEMaRharaJaiv>aUiTai>a> ))11))
These basic principles apply to all types of devotional processes. MaaMaevSavR>aUTaezubihrNTarPaav*TaMa( ) wR+aeTaaTMaiNacaTMaaNa&YaQaa%MaMal/aXaYa> ))12))
738 UDDHAVA-GÉTÄ COMMENTARY After describing the duties of unalloyed devotees, Lord Kĺńëa now speaks in a way so as to attract the jďänés. Those who are philosophically searching for the Absolute Truth should understand how the Lord is transcendentally situated, without any tinge of matter, although He is all-pervading and situated within the hearts of all living entities.
wiTaSavaRiaUTaaiNaMaŮaveNaMahaŰuTae ) Sa>aaJaYaNMaNYaMaaNaaejaNa&ke-vl/Maaié[Ta> ))13)) b]ař A§U-re§U-rke-cEvSaMad*KPai<@TaaeMaTa> 0)14))
Lord Kĺńëa said, “O Uddhava, you should regard all living entities as My parts and parcels and offer them due respect. Indeed, such consciousness is the symptom of an
actually learned person.” The word kevalam is an adjective of the verb äçraya, and not the adjective of
taken to mean, “taking shelter of the non-dual Brahman, who is full of transcendental knowledge.”
Although there is a social distinction between a brähmaëa and a caëňäla, a behavioral distinction between a thief and a charitable man, a distinction between a
professional brähmaëa and a devotee brähmaëa, a quantitative distinction between the Bhakti-yoga 739 sun and a spark of fire, and a qualitative distinction between a ruffian and a gentleman, one should see all of them with equal vision, because the Supreme Lord is situated within each one. One who sees like this is a truly wise person, and who does not is certainly ignorant.
In this regard, one should consider this verse from the Bhagavad-gétä (5.18): vidyä-vinaya-sampanne brähmaëe gavi hastini çuni caiva çva-päke ca paëňitäů sama-darçinaů The humble sages, by virtue of true knowledge, see with equal vision a learned and gentle brähmaëa, a cow, an elephant, a dog, and a dog-eater [outcaste]. If one can see this material world in relation to the Supreme Personality of Godhead, then his liberation is guaranteed. As soon as one sees the material nature as separate from the Lord, his constitutional spirit of service is transformed into the spirit of enjoyment. In this world, there is a superficial difference between those who are exalted and those who are fallen, between the truthful and the liars, between the fire of the sun and that of a small spark, and between gentle person and a cruel ruffian. When one ignores such differences of behavior and nature, considering them inconsequential in comparison with their actual spiritual identities, then one’s vision of duality transforms into equanimity. A learned person is he who is not diverted from the truth while viewing the distinctions of this world of perverted enjoyment. TEXT 15 NareZv>aq+ SPaDaaRSaUYaaiTarSk-ara>SaahŞaraivYaiNTaih ))15))
740 UDDHAVA-GÉTÄ COMMENTARY One should practice seeing how the Supreme Lord is situated everywhere so that his polluted qualities, such as arrogance, can be destroyed. In material consciousness, one engages in rivalry with his equals, is envious of superiors, and belittles those who are inferior. TEXT 16 ivSa*JYaSMaYaMaaNaaNSvaNd*Xa&v]q@a&cdEihk-IMa( ) Pa[ How one can cultivate equal vision, seeing everything in relation to the Supreme Lord, is described in this verse. The purport is that one should learn how to see with spiritual vision, and not remain satisfied with simply studying the bodily designations, which, after all, are temporary. Instead of showing respect or contempt according to external circumstances, one should show respect to all classes of living entities, even dogs and dog-eaters, knowing that the Supreme Personality of Godhead is present within each of them as the Supersoul. PURPORT One should ignore the ridicule of envious people, while showing suitable respect for all living beings, even dogs, dog-eaters, and asses. Çré Caitanya Mahäprabhu has instructed us to consider ourselves lower than a straw in the street and more tolerant than a tree, offering respect to all others while not expecting any respect for oneself. This is the secret of success in the matter of chanting the holy name of the Lord. TEXT 17 YaavTSaveRzu>aUTaezuMaŮavaeNaaePaJaaYaTae ) TaavdevMauPaaSaqTavax(MaNa>k-aYav*itai>a> ))17))
Bhakti-yoga yävat sarveńu bhüteńu mad-bhävo nopajäyate tävad evam upäséta väě-manaů-käya-vĺttibhiů 741 Until one is actually able to see Me within all living beings, one should worship Me in the prescribed manner with his body, mind, and speech. COMMENTARY Until one has gained the realization that the Supreme Lord is residing within the hearts of all living entities, it is recommended that one offer obeisances to varieties of creatures as a means for elevating one to that highest platform. Although one may not actually fall flat before every dog and donkey, at least one should carefully respect all forms of life, knowing them to be part and parcel of the Supreme Lord, Thus, one should show respect to all with one’s body, mind, and words.
While worshiping the Supreme Lord with one’s body, mind, and speech, one should think oneself to be lower than a blade of grass, one should be more tolerant than a tree, and one should be ready to give respect to all living entities without desiring any respect in return. In such a state of mind, one can continuously engage in bhajana, or worship of the Lord. TEXT 18 Sav|b]řaTMak&-TaSYaivŰYaaTMaMaNaqzYaa ) PairPaXYaŕuParMaeTSavRTaaeMauwTaSa&XaYa> ))18))
By the advancement of transcendental knowledge, one should come to see the Supreme Lord everywhere. It is a fact that everything in existence is owned and controlled by the Lord and being well aware of this, one should refrain from fruitive activities
742 UDDHAVA-GÉTÄ PURPORT The more one advances in Kĺńëa consciousness, the more one becomes freed from all doubts. By constant engagement in devotional service, one can free oneself from all reactions of fruitive work. In devotional service, one works under the direction of the Supreme Lord and His representative, the spiritual master, whereas fruitive activities are impelled by the three modes of material nature. The conditioned souls exhibit many unfavorable qualities because their activities are based on envy. Such envy can only be removed by dedicated worship of the Lord with one’s body, mind, and speech
AYa&ihSavRk-LPaaNaa&SaDa]qcqNaaeMaTaaeMaMa ) MaŮav>SavR>aUTaezuMaNaaevaˇ-aYav*itai>a> ))19))
For the jďänés, realization of impersonal Brahman is life’s ultimate goal. TEXT 20 Naů®aePa§-Maeß&SaaeMaÖMaRSYaaeÖva MaYaaVYaviSaTa>SaMYax(iNaGauR After explaining the essence of jďäna in eight verses, the Lord now presents the essence of bhakti. Although the compilers of the scriptures have advocated various
methods for elevation, this system of bhakti-yoga, or devotional service, was introduced Bhakti-yoga 743 by the Lord Himself. However, a neophyte can easily be diverted from the other processes so that no benefit is accrued, whereas the devotional service of the Lord never goes in vain. This is stated in this verse—that the process of devotional service is the best means of spiritual realization and such engagement can never be considered a loss. Lord Kĺńëa said: My dear Uddhava, if one begins the process of devotional service to Me and becomes diverted before reaching perfection, there is still no loss or diminution because bhakti-yoga is transcendental and is executed under My shelter. This supreme religious practice is perfect in all respects because I am the fuly independent Supreme Personality of Godhead. The word mad-dharma in this verse refers to the principles of devotional service, and not to the cultivation of knowledge. Jďäna, or the cultivation of knowledge, is not fully transcendental and awards the successful performer impersonal liberation in Brahman, and not the association of the Supreme Personality of Godhead. PURPORT The desire for material enjoyment is the root cause of all anarthas. Only liberated souls who have renounced material enjoyment are actually qualified to worship Lord Hari. Yüklə 8,84 Mb. Dostları ilə paylaş:
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