Livelihood explaratory field mission report livelihood Manilla, philippines duration

LIVELIHOOD

EXPLARATORY FIELD MISSION REPORT
Livelihood

Manilla, PHILIPPINES



DURATION : 24 March to 04 April 2008
Anne LEYMAT and Claire PERRIN HOUDON

April 2008

CONTENTS

1. Introduction about the mission 4

2. Situation analysis 4

2.1 General situation 4

2.1.1 At the national level: some key figures 4

2.1.2 At the local level 5

2.1.3 Situation of the Informal sector 7

2.1.4 Microfinance Industry 7

2.1.5 Governmental response in Philippines 7

2.2 Disabilities general situation 9

2.2.1 Situation in Philippine 9

2.2.2 Current response to disabilities in the Philippines by the government 9

2.2.3 Disability legislation / livelihoods in Philippine 9

2.2.4 Responsible government agencies and corresponding support programs 10

2.2.5 Disability movement 10

2.3 Demand analyses: Disabilities socio-economic impacts and vulnerability 11

3. Information on Stakeholders 14

3.1 Information on stakeholders met during the visit 14

This section provides some information on the stakeholders met during the field visit, and potential opportunities for collaboration for HI. In addition some stakeholders are included that we heard or read about, but did not meet, (either because they were identified late in the visit or because they were not placed on the priority list.) 14

3.2 Other information and actors 20

3.2.1 Stakeholders that need to be met:

20

3.2.2 Existing Information on Stakeholders 20

Summary : stakeholders scheme 23

4. Recommendations for action: a livelihood component 24

4.1 Summary of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats identified 24

4.2 Potential main strategy orientation 24

4.3 Potential partners 24

4.4 Potential level of intervention 25

4.5 Potential geographical areas of intervention 25

4.6 Potential area of intervention 26

4.7 Next steps 27

4.8 Main recommendation for diabetes components 27

Appendix 1 : Terms of Reference for the mission 28

Appendix 2 : Visit program 29

Appendixe 3 : Basic Data about the Philippines 30

Annexe 4 : Objectives related to Millennium Development Goals 32

Appendixe 5 : Disability Data Census 33

Appendix 7 : Agenda of the internal planning meeting 35

Appendix 8 : Concept Note 36

Annexe 6 : Basic Data about Philippine 40

Appendixes

1.	Terms of Reference
2.	Visit’s Program
3.	Basic Data about Philippine
4.	Objectives related to MDG
5.	Disability Data from 2001 Census
6.	Legislation on Disability
7.	PV Planning meeting
8.	Concept Paper and draft of logical framework
9.	Budget draft

Glossary

DOLE : Department of Labour

PwDs: Persons with Disabilities

HI: Handicap International

MFI : Microfinance Institutions

MoU : Memoramdum of Understanding

1. Introduction about the mission

The mission had been planned initially to answer to a call of proposal from EU on livelihoods.

It is worth noting that the HI Philippine programme did not have any experience and expertise on livelihood initiatives. It was agreed to answer to this call even if the preliminary exploratory and feasibility study had not been conducted.
The main objective of this current mission is to realise an exploratory mission, identify potential partner and draft a Concept Paper.

The mission is composed of 3 parts, ie :

• 
  Part 1 : exploratory
  
• 
  Part 2 : field visits
  
• 
  Part 3 : drafting of CN.
  

This mission had been accomplished jointly with Claire Perrin Houdon, Inclusion Coordinator in Cambodia. She joined the mission for the part 2 and 3.

Appendix 1 presents in more details the main contents of the mission.
Appendix 2 presents the visit’s planning.
The report will provide a global overview of the context, the stakeholder analysis and some main orientations in terms of project planning.

2. Situation analysis

2.1 General situation

2.1.1 At the national level: some key figures

A longstanding ally and Southeast Asia’s oldest democracy, the Philippines has historic ties with the United States and provides consistent support for efforts to promote regional security and cooperation. Unfortunately, the Philippines has not enjoyed the same level of economic success as its neighbors have over the past 30 years. Forty-two percent of the Philippines’ population continues to live on $2 a day or less.
Table 1, Key figures

Population:	84.6 million
Urban Population:	59%
Major Ethnic and Linguistic Groups:	Christian Malay - 92% Muslim Malay - 4% Chinese - 2%
Religions:	Roman Catholic - 83% Protestant - 9% Muslim - 5% Buddhist, other - 3%
Population Growth Rate:	1.92%
Life Expectancy:	69.3 years
Infant Mortality:	25 per 1,000 live births
Under Five Mortality:	38 per 1,000 live births
Maternal Mortality Rate:	170 per 100,000 live births
GNP Per Capita:	$1,040
Percentage of Literate Adult Males:	96%
Percentage of Literate Adult Females:	96%
Percentage Population With Access To Safe Drinking Water:	86%

The Philippines, a Lower Middle Income Country (MIC), is characterised by a high and growing number of poor population, a high population growth rate, and increasing inequalities.

Among the ASEAN countries, it has the highest inequality in e.g. income and resource distribution, opportunities and services, despite some improvements in GNP and GDP rates. The WB has recorded that about 58 Million of 86 Million Filipinos live on less than U$3/day. The poor and other vulnerable groups¹ are found among urban slum dwellers/squatters, in agrarian and fisher communities, resettlement areas, ancestral/indigenous groups, as well as in the informal economic sectors.

Given this poverty situation, the Medium-Term Philippine Development Plan (MTPDP 2004-2010) has cited the need for strategic measures and activities that will promote local economic growth as a number one priority. It is also recalled that the European Consensus on Development and DCI have affirmed the commitment to support the pro-poor development of MICs, and especially its support to the lower MICs in the context of sustainable development.

The Philippines has been experiencing economic growth due to remittances from Filipino workers abroad, higher exports, increased consumer spending, and business outsourcing in the services industry. However, this growth is hardly felt at the personal level. Consistent with the poverty situation patterns in the country’s regions, provinces in Mindanao particularly the ARMM has the lowest HDI ratings while those in Luzon has the highest. The poor increased from 23.95 million in 1997 to 26.54 million persons in 2000. Poverty incidence is at 24 percent while income inequality is quite high as shown by a gini coefficient of 0.456. Philippine poverty is basically rural poverty. Almost 75 percent of the poor reside in rural areas and five out of 10 rural residents are poor, while in urban areas the ratio is only 2:10. Poverty in the regions has generally worsened, particularly in Regions V, VI, VII, IX and the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM). The rural poor, mostly small and landless farmers, farm workers, fisherfolk and indigenous people, continue to lack access to land, credit, technology and rural infrastructure. Productivity in agriculture remains low while environmental degradation continues. The country has consistently underperformed in generating employment for its growing labor force, which is the most critical constraint to poverty reduction. Since the early 1990s, the unemployment level has hovered at 8 to 12 percent. More and more Filipinos are working abroad, reported by government at over 1 million persons in 2002. In 2006, 9 percent of the unemployed who were 15 years old and above did not look for work due to temporary illness and disability.