Takrorlash uchun savollar 1.Jurjoniy mantiqqa oid qanday asarlar yozgan?
2. Mantiq faniga qanday ta’rif bergan?
3. Hissiy va aqliy bilishni qanday tushuntirgan?
3. Modal mulohazaning qanday turlarini ko‘rsatgan?
4. Xulosa chiqarishning qanday turlarini ko‘rsatgan?
Glossary Antecedent: The antecedent of a conditional is its first component clause (the if clause). In P → Q, P is the antecedent and Q is the consequent.
Argument: “Argument” is used in two different senses in logic.
Arguments as pieces of reasoning: an argument is a sequence of statements in which one (the conclusion) is supposed to follow from or be supported by the others (the premises).
Arguments in the mathematical sense: an argument is an individual symbol (variable or constant) taken by a predicate in an atomic wff. In the atomic wff LeftOf(x, a), x and a are the arguments of the binary predicate LeftOf.
Aristotelian forms (A, E, I, O):The four main sentence forms treated in Aristotle’s logic: the A form (universal affirmative) All P’s are Q’s, the E form (universal negative) No P’s are Q’s, the I form (particular affirmative) Some P’s are Q’s, and the O form (particular negative) Some P’s are not Q’s.
Boolean connective:The logical connectives conjunction (∧), disjunction (∨), and negation ( ) allow us to form complex claims from simpler claims and are known as the Boolean connectives after the logician George Boole. Conjunction corresponds to the English word and, disjunction to or, and negation corresponds to the phrase it is not the case that. (See also Truth-functional connective.)
Completeness:A formal system is complete if every valid inference is provable by means of the rules of the system. (See also Soundness.)
Conclusion: The statement in an argument that is meant to follow from the other statements (the premises).
Conditional: An if … thensentence, i.e., a sentence that expresses some kind of conditional relationship between the two parts of the sentence. Not all conditionals in a natural language, such as English, are truth-functional. (See Material conditional, Truth-functional.)
Conjunction:The Boolean connective ∧ corresponding to the English word and. An FOL sentence whose main connective is ∧ is also called a conjunction. Such a sentence is true if and only if each conjunct is true.
Consequent: The consequent of a conditional is its second component clause (the then clause). In P → Q, Q is the consequent and P is the antecedent.
