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Queen Katharine, Queen Mary's mother, and so in King Henry's reign was glad to flee. The Pope nominated him for the bishopric of Salisbury, upon the death of Capon, but he refused it because of age. Cardinal Pole had been also long attainted under King Cardinal Henry for his treason to his King and country ; but now Pole ' coming with such a mighty character from the Pope, to re- concile the nation, he was first to be restored ; though His trea- surely he was as great and as ingrateful a traitor as any that son * King had, for undertaking an embassy from the Pope to excite the French King and Emperor to turn their army from the Turk against King Henry, his own natural so- vereign, and his own country. He wrote an oration to that purpose ; which was afterwards printed by him in Latin ; and about the year 1547, or 1548, it was put into English by Fabian Withers. The book was entitled, Defensio Unitatis Ecclesiastics. How this Cardinal came to be thought to be a favourer of Protestant doctrine, (as he some- times was,) we may learn from the said translator's epistle
258 MEMORIALS ECCLESIASTICAL CHAP, before that book, wherein we are told, " that Renold Pole, an XIX " " English cardinal, but not then of England, in the year 1536, Anno 1.554. « being sent ambassador by that Pope to the French King l63 " to entreat a peace, was thought in that his ambassade to " go about nothing else than to stir up and sow dissension, " malice, and discord. — At what time he was in Germany " at Augusta, and there was lodged in the [Lutheran] pas- " tor's house, he said, that he did very well allow and agree " unto all their doctrine ; and that he would declare no less, " if there were any convocations, or common councils holden. " Now behold," as that writer proceeded, " the great and " double dissimulation of this holy hypocrite ; who, albeit " that before in his ambassade, under the pretence of entreaty " for peace, had gone about nothing else than to move and " stir up discord and wars, even now again at his return " unto Rome, feared not to dissemble and cloak even with " God himself. For as before you have heard, he seemed " not to be ignorant of the truth ; yet, when he was come " to Rome, whether he were suspected of Lutheranism, and " to avoid the suspicion thereof, or no, or else that he did " it to gratify the Pope, he wrote a book against King " Henry VIII. King of England, entitled, The Defence of " the Unity of the Church. In the which book, converting " his style unto the Emperor, he included this most de- " testable, pestiferous, yea, and seditious oration against " the King of England ; unto whom he was not only most t( nearly adjoined in affinity and kindred ; but also, as him- " self confesseth, most greatly bounden for his education " and literature." This is enough to shew, how justly this man was attainted : who now, nevertheless, had his attaint taken off by Parliament, and received into the kingdom as a person of very high merit, and that had deserved passing well of his country. Yet this act passed not without consi- derable opposition, as appears by an expostulatory oration offered to the Parliament, by one Harchius of Mons in Flanders, mentioned before, who seems to have been one of his retinue. After his great work of reconciling the kingdom was UNDER QUEEN MARY I. 259 done most ceremoniously in the Parliament, in December CHAP, did another prelate, Bishop Gardiner, the great lord chan- ' cellor of England, ascend the pulpit at St. Paul's, and there Anno 1554. made a sermon of the happy reconciliation of the kingdom, B J sho P
King Henry and King Edward had shaken off the Pope's heavy yoke ; which he made a very grievous crime. Take some account of this sermon from a book occasioned by the rebellion in the year 1569, under Queen Elizabeth, enti- tled, A Warning against the dangerous Practices of Pa- pists. " Remember, I pray you, 11 saith the author, " Gardi- " ner's sermon at Paul's Cross, in Queen Mary's time, upon " this text, Hora est jam nos e sornno surgere : It is now " time for us to rise out of sleep. There he shewed, how " God dispensed each thing, and each success, in conve- " nience of times. He declared, what ways had been at- " tempted for restitution of the Pope's primacy in England. " Wherein he divers ways falsely defamed King Henry with " intents of submission, [as though he had intended to sub- " mit himself and his realm to the Pope again,] such was " the Bishop's impudence. He named the rebellions in the " north in King Henry's time, and in the west in King " Edward's ; which he clothed with cleanly names, as, " enterprises and assemblies, as our late rebels do in both " their first and second proclamations. But, saith he, the " hour was not yet come. But, by the way of objection, " wondered how the people could, without rebelling, bear " such injuries, oppressions, and robberies, which they sus- 164 " tained, as he said, in the fall of money, and otherwise, in " King Edward's reign. He answered himself, that the " hour was not yet come. But now, saith he, the time is " come : now is the time for us to wake from sleep. As " who should say, Long have we slept, or long have we " winked : long have we been holden in awe, glad to dis- " semble our treasons, and to semble good subjects ; long " have we borne our sovereign Lord a fair face. As we ac- " knowledged his due authority, and detested the enemy to " him and to all kings, the Pope : long have we cloaked and s2 260 MEMORIALS ECCLESIASTICAL CHAP. " hidden our zeal, waiting for a good hour. Now the " dreadful King Henry is dead, the hopeful King Edward Anno 1554." i s taken away, the Christian nobility entangled in snares " of law, especially if it be partially and violently used : the " prince and time favoureth our side : a mighty foreign " match is made for the vantage of our part : now the sun " of our victory, and the day of our triumph, shineth upon " us ; now it is time for us to wake from sleep. Though " the times once were, specially in the Lord Crumwers days, " when we in shew abhorred the name of Papist, and would " commonly say, We had as lieve be called traitors as Pa- " pists, and bring actions of the cause for our purgation ; " yet now is the time that we glory in these titles, either " of Papist in respect of these times, or of traitor in respect " of those times. Let us not now leese our occasion, as we " shall never have the like again ; especially, for that so " much of the nobility, snared with treason, are yielded to " our devotion :" as the author of that book very sharply and sarcastically unfolds the Bishop's meaning, by his text which he took, and his descants on it. The Parlia- This was the first Parliament under King Philip : and, dress to to compliment him, they made him an humble suit, with the King Phi- Quggn^ assent, that in case she should die and leave issue, lip. for the good and politic government, order, and administra- tion of the realm in the young years of the said issue, he would take upon him the rule, order, education, and go- His answer, vernment of the said issue. Whereupon King Philip de- clared, that he verily trusted that Almighty God, who had hitherto preserved the Queen, to give this realm so good a hope of certain succession in the blood royal of this realm, would assist her Highness with his grace and benediction to see the fruit of her body well brought forth, live, and able to govern . whereof neither all the realm, nor all the world be- side, should or could receive more comfort than he should or would. If yet such chance should happen, his Majesty, at their humble desires, was pleased and contented, not alonely to accept to take upon him the care and charge of the education, rule, and government of such issue, but during
UNDER QUEEN MARY I. 261 the time of such government, would, by all ways and means, ch AP. study and employ himself to advance the weal public and XIX - private of this realm, according to the trust in his Majesty Anno 1554. reposed, with no less good-will and affection, than if his Highness had been naturally born among them. Whereupon the Parliament made an act to confirm the said government unto him ; and made it treason for any hereafter, by any writing, as well as deed, to attempt so much as to deprive the King from the said rule and government. And thus sure and certain did the Spanish and Popish party hope to make all.
after Cardinal Pole's coming into England, made their com- of the Irisu friars for plaint to the Queen and him, by the Warden of Kilchullin their mo- their messenger, of certain monasteries of their order in that nastenes> kingdom, which were deprived of their revenues, and which were then devolved into the Queen's possession ; namely, these four, the monastery of Kilchullin, held by one Ustas ; Inistorty, possessed by Butler without any title ; Truim, founded by King Henry VIII. and Queen Katharine, bought by the Bishop of Meath, and by him granted to certain officers of the said town for certain considerations ; and Mounts Fernand, bought by Cusack. From all which houses suppressed (as it was set forth) the poor friars in the time of the late schism being forced to depart, lived in mountains and woods, and endured hunger and cold : inso- much, that they were hindered from preaching God's word, and exercising the divine office. Therefore they did, by the abovesaid Warden their messenger, pray the Queen and Cardinal, that by their letters to their officers, and espe- cially to the Deputy and Chancellor of Ireland, they might be commanded to restore wholly the said places, with all the goods pertaining to them, without any contradiction whatsoever. And whereas there were some monasteries al- ready possessed and erected by the friars, the English cap- tains and soldiers, especially such as came lately thither to save their own purses, had made use of them for stabling for their horses ; and specially the monastery of Cragfarissy :
262 MEMORIALS ECCLESIASTICAL CHAP, therefore they sued that some remedy might be had in that "V TV matter. What effect this message had, I cannot tell: but Anno 1554. ^j ie supplicatory letter may be read in the Catalogue. N«. XXI.
CHAP. XX. Many absent wholly from the Parliament. Bonfires com- manded. The King and Queen ride through the city. Dr. Martins booik against Priests' 1 marriage. Stan- dish, Procter, Bush, and Christopher son, bishops, set forth books. Parliament- JL10WEVER the members of this Parliament were handled men refuse . 1 _ . - . to sit. by the Court, to root up many good statutes, and to lay upon the nation the old Roman yoke again, and to receive the Pope's authority into the realm ; yet it went against the grain with a great many of them ; who, seeing how things went, did at last, from the 12th of January, wholly absent from the house, and came no more there, to the number of thirty-nine persons ; whereof the great lawyer Plowden was one. Their names were these that follow, (which, for the memorableness of the matter, are set down and preserved to
Henry Chiverton. Will. Moor de vill. Derby. Rob. Brown. Will. Bainbrigge. John Coucke. John Eveleigh. John Pethebrige. Nich. Adampsde Dartmouth. John Melhews. Clifton Harneys, in com. Courtney. Devon.
names.
Ralph Mitchel. *.. Rich. Phelips.
UNDER QUEEN MARY I. 263 Anth. Dylvington. Ralph Scroope. CHAP. Andr. Hoord. Tho. Moor de Hambleton, XX * Chr. Hoel, in com. Dorset. in com. Bucks. Anno 1554. John Mannock. Will. Read. Tho. Phelipps. Henry Mannock. Will. Randol. John Maynard de St. Alban. John Moyne. Nic. Debden. Hugh Smith. Philip Tirwhit. Roger Gerard. This, no question, was inwardly well enough liked by the indicted for Queen and her Popish cabal ; yet, outwardly, there was a ' " shew of great displeasure against these men that presumed thus to do. And they were indicted for it at the King's Bench, by the Queen's attorney, Edward Griffith, in Easter term ensuing: information being then preferred against them for departing without licence, contrary to the King and Queen's inhibition in the beginning of the Parliament. Six of these, being timorous burgesses, submitted themselves to their fines. But whether they paid any, or but very small, it appears not. And Edmund PloAvden, the learned lawyer, pleaded, that he remained continually from the beginning to the end of the Parliament, and took a traverse full of preg- nancy, as the Lord Coke speaks. The writ of information against these Parliament-men ran; The indict- " Quod inhibiturn fuit [a Rege et Regina in eodem Parla- ment ' " mento] quod nidlus ad idem Parlamentum summonitus, et " ibidem interessens, ab e^dem Parlamento absque speciali li- " eentia dictorum Dominorum Regis et Regince, et cur' Par- " lament, prcedicf recederet, seu seipsum aliquo modo absen- " taret. And that these men appeared at this Parliament, " and there were present. Notwithstanding, lightly esteeming " the inhibition of the King and Queen, and having no re- " gard of the commonweal of this realm of England, after- " ward, namely 12 Jan. the first and second of the King " and Queen, and during the Parliament beforesaid, they de- " parted without licence, in manifest contempt of the said " King and Queen's command and injunction, and to the s 4 264 MEMORIALS ECCLESIASTICAL CHAP, great detriment of the commonweal of this kingdom, and to the pernicious example of all other. Anno 1554. j} u t this complaint against them was not to be brought force! before any court, but the court of Parliament itself. For the high court of Parliament subsisteth by its own laws and customs. And it is a law and custom of Parliament, that all weighty matters in any Parliament moved concerning the Peers of the realm, or Commons in Parliament assem- bled, ought to be determined, adjudged, and discussed by the course of the Parliament, and not by the civil law, nor yet by the common law of the realm, used in more inferior 1 6f courts. And by another law or custom of Parliament, the King cannot take notice of any thing said or done in the House of Commons, but by the report of the House of Com- mons ; and every member of the House of Commons hath a judicial place, and can be no witness. And this is the reason that judges ought not to give any opinion of a matter of Parliament, because it is not to be decided by the com- mon laws, but according to the laws and customs of Parlia- ment ; according as the great lawyer Coke explained this matter,
lustitut. I n the rest of Queen Mary's Parliaments many absented p. iv. p. 21 . ' also. The names of whom the Lord Coke set down as he met with them in records ; and then makes this note, that the poor common members of the Parliament in diebiis illis had no great accord to continue in Parliament, but de- parted.
another letter to the sheriffs, containing her order for solemn masses and Te Deum in churches, and bonfires in all the counties, for reconciliation with the Pope. For it seems the people had not conceived any such great store of joy at the doings of this Parliament, in taking up the Pope's yoke again, as to make any outward signification of it : which therefore they were now forced to do by letters mandatory from the court. The letter was thus:
UNDER QUEEN MARY I. 265 By the King and Queen. CHAP. H Mary the Quene, xx - " Trusty and welbeloved, wee grete you wel: And whereas Anno 1554. " by the especial favour of Almighty God, many and sun- The "dry great matters touching our Christian faith, and a^" t e e e r a ' f s . " godly concord with the rest of Christendom, have, in our bonfires " late Parlament, with one consent of the Lords spiritual Deum* for " and temporal, and other our loving subjects, been agreed reconci . liD s " upon and established : wherby this our whole realm, and d. g. " al our loving subjects of the same, being delivered, by Hlck "' " authority of the Pope's Holiness, from al sentences of in- " terdiction, and other censures of the Church, be now re- " stored again into God's favour, and the unity of the " mother holy Church, as by the buls of our dearest cousin, " the most reverend father in God, Lord Cardinal Pole, " legate de latere from the Pope's said holiness, fully ap- " peareth-: like as we, considering how much we both for " these and other innumerable benefits of Almighty God " abundantly powred upon us, do humbly acknowledge " ourselves most bounden to thank, and praise, and serve " him al the days of our life ; so thinking good that al our " subjects, of every degree, should in al places, with repent- " ance of their former lives, both give thanks for these his " great mercies, and to exercise themselves in prayer, " fasting, and works of charity, as they may shew them- " selves true children of the holy Church, whereunto they " be now thus reconciled ; and that they take the same so " thankfully as they have just cause to do : we have, by " other our letters to the bishops of our realm, required " them to cause solemn mass with Te Deum openly in al " their cathedral churches to be sung, and the like to be " sung and said openly in al other churches within their " several diocesses : and to the intent the common people " may likewise by some token declare joy and gladness, " which they ought justly to conceive for this reconciliation l68 " and uniting of the realm to the rest of Christendom, we " have thought good to require you to give order throughout " al your sheriffwick, for making of bonfires in al places,
2G6
MEMORIALS ECCLESIASTICAL
CHAP. " for some demonstration of rejoycing for the good success " of the premisses accordingly. Wherefore we require you
Anno 1554." not to fail. Yeven under our signet, at our palace of " Westminster, the day of January, the first and second " year of our reigne." The King and Queen ride
the city, with the Cardinal and Chan- cellor.
It was but a little after this, King Philip and Queen Mary rode through the city, attended with the Cardinal Legate, and Bishop Gardiner, lord chancellor. The Bishop rode on the one side before the King, with the great seal before him : on the other side rode the Cardinal before the Queen, with the cross carried afore him, he being all in scarlet, and blessing the people as he went: for which he was greatly laughed to scorn. For few of the people had now any good conceit of the Pope, or his creatures' bless- ings. Nor did they put off their caps, and make courtesy to the cross ; neither was there scarce any expression of joy at the sight of the King and Queen ; none saying, God save them. The Bishop of Winchester was sore offended at this; and, as he passed along, would say to his servants, " Mark that house ;" and anon, " Take that knave, and " have him to the Counter. Such a sort of heretics who " ever saw, that will neither reverence the cross of Christ, " nor yet once so much as, God save the King and Queen! " I will teach them to do both, if I live." This Mountain (of whom mention hath been made before) heard him say, standing at Soper-lane end in Cheapside to see the sight, having been newly delivered out of prison.
ofThe Em sound through England, his son being newly married to peror's wars England's Queen, partly to recommend the Pope's religion
of the Emperor's wars in Germany, and of his victories against the Protestants, entitled, The Commentary of Don Lewis IXAvela <§• Suniga : treating of the great wars in Germany made by Charles V. Emperor of Rome, and King of Spain, against John Frederick Duke of Saxony, and Philip Landgrave of Hesse, with other great princes
A book
UNDER QUEEN MARY I. 267
1546. The setting forth this book now was, to cer- tify the minds of such as were desirous to know, what Anno 1554. had followed the doctrine of Martin Luther, as the epistles dedicatory, addressed to Edward Earl of Darby, expressed it.
and vapour, made by Dr. Martin, of the Unlawfulness o/Vainst t °|" e Pi-'iests'' Marriage ; a vicious man himself, and notoriously marriage of guilty of uncleanness ; and so the more unfit to handle that subject. Nor was he able to write such a book himself, being altogether ignorant in divinity, as his opponent, that Yüklə 12,09 Mb. Dostları ilə paylaş:
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