Uccelli [née Pazzini], Carolina Uccellini, Marco
Usper [Sponga, Spongia, Sponza], Francesco
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- Usper [Sponga, Sponza], Gabriele
Usper [Sponga, Spongia, Sponza], Francesco(b Parenzo [now Poreč], Istria, c1560/61; d Venice, 24 Feb 1641). Italian composer, organist and priest. The family name was originally Sponga. He studied with Andrea Gabrieli and must therefore have settled in Venice before 1586. He had previously served as a priest in Capodistria. In the late 1580s he was the tutor of Cesare Usper (d 1589), son of Lodovico Usper (d 1601), a lawyer and minor official of the confraternity of S Giovanni Evangelista, Venice, to whom Francesco dedicated his Ricercari. Adopting the surname of this patron, Francesco Usper devoted much of his life to the confraternity, which he served as organist (1596–1607), chaplain (1607–24), choirmaster (1624–6), manager (capo) of the adjoining church (1626–41) and administrative officer (mansionario) (1631–41). He was also sporadically active elsewhere in Venice. He was organist at the church of S Salvatore by 1614 and it was in this capacity that he was cited in 1615 for having provided one of the imitative subjects worked out in two canons for four voices in Romano Micheli’s collection Musica vaga et artificiosa. He collaborated with G.B. Grillo and Monteverdi in the composition of a requiem mass (now lost) for the Medici Grand Duke Cosimo II performed at the church of SS Giovanni e Paolo in May 1621; he wrote the gradual and tract. He served at S Marco as a substitute organist for Grillo in 1622 and early in 1623. However, he was disappointed in 1623 and again the following year in his attempts to attain a permanent position as organist there. In 1617 and 1623 he was engaged for the feast of S Roche (16 August) at the confraternity dedicated to the saint. He lived near S Maria Gloriosa dei Frari in the parish of S Stin. Usper was unusually sensitive to words in his vocal works and to form in his instrumental works. He continued certain popular local customs of the later 16th century by including a battle madrigal in his 1619 collection and some polychoral psalm settings in that of 1627. He saw himself as an exponent of conservative styles of composition, which he contrasted in the preface of his 1614 collection with the ‘strepitoso’ (raucous) music then coming into fashion. Such conservatism did not, however, prevent his composing skilfully and effectively in the newer accompanied and concerted styles. His instrumental works, although few in number, are significant for various reasons. The four arie francesi in his first publication are among the earliest Venetian ensemble canzonas. His two sinfonias, two canzonas, two capriccios and single sonata in the 1619 collection show notable advances in the differentiation of instrumental genres. One sinfonia, proclaimed by Einstein as a forerunner of the concerto grosso, features concertino passages for recorder and chitarrone alternating with a homophonic ritornello for string orchestra; but string instruments and trombones still form the nucleus of his orchestra, as they did for Giovanni Gabrieli. The recent recovery of all the parts from the 1619 collection (removed from Berlin in World War I) in the library of the Jagiellonian University, Kraków, has facilitated more extensive study of Usper’s mature compositions. Five undated sacred vocal works have also been recovered (in D-PI). Secular vocal works by Usper were published in collections that appeared in Nuremberg (1604) and Copenhagen (1606) but may have been assembled in Venice by pupils and associates of Giovanni Gabrieli; the Danish composer Borchgrevinck, who edited the 1606 anthology, was such a pupil. WORKS
BIBLIOGRAPHYA. Einstein: ‘Ein Concerto Grosso von 1619’, Festschrift Hermann Kretzschmar (Leipzig, 1918/R), 26–8 D. Arnold: ‘Music at a Venetian Confraternity in the Renaissance’, AcM, xxxvii (1965), 62–72 E. Selfridge-Field: Venetian Instrumental Music from Gabrieli to Vivaldi (Oxford, 1975, 3/1994) E. Stipčević: ‘Francesco Sponga-Usper: compositore veneziano di origine istriana – considerazioni preliminari’, Atti del Centro di ricerche storiche di Rovigno, xvi (1985–6), 165–231 G. Vio: ‘Musici veneziani dei primi decenni del seicento: discordie e busterelle’, Rassegna veneta di studi musicali, v–vi (1989–90), 375–85 S. Bonta: ‘The Use of Instruments in the Ensemble Canzona and Sonata in Italy, 1580–1650’, Recercare, iv (1992), 23–43 ELEANOR SELFRIDGE-FIELD Usper [Sponga, Sponza], Gabriele(b ?Parenzo [now Poreč], Istria; fl 1609–32). Italian composer and organist, nephew and apparently pupil of Francesco Usper. He lived with his uncle in Venice. In 1609 he unsuccessfully sought appointment as organist at the confraternity of S Giovanni Evangelista. He composed 13 Madrigali concertati for two to four voices (Venice, 2/1623), and had earlier contributed two sinfonias, a psalm setting (Laudate dominum), an Ave regina for alto solo, a Credo for five voices and two other sacred vocal works to Francesco’s Messa, e salmi (1614) and two sonatas, a sinfonia and two polychoral motets to his Compositioni armoniche (1619). He also composed one vocal work in manuscript in the Stadtarchiv, Pirna (see Usper, Francesco). Gabriele Usper’s works are much more modern than his uncle’s. The bassoon is emphasized in the pieces published in 1619 (one of which includes imitations of the bagpipe and lira da braccio), and Monteverdi’s influence is apparent in his madrigals. BIBLIOGRAPHYG. Radole: ‘Musica e musicisti in Istria nel Cinquecento e Seicento’, Atti e memorie della Società istriana di archaeologia e storia patria, xii (1965), 210ff E. Selfridge-Field: Venetian Instrumental Music from Gabrieli to Vivaldi (Oxford, 1975, 3/1994) E. Stipčević: ‘Francesco Sponga-Usper: compositore veneziano di origine istriana – considerazioni preliminari’, Atti del Centro di ricerche storiche di Rovigno, xvi (1985–6), 165–231 E. Stipčević: ‘Gabriele Sponga-Usper: compositore manierista’, Musica, storia, folklore in Istria: studi e contributi offerti a Giuseppe Radole (Trieste, 1987), 81–96 ELEANOR SELFRIDGE-FIELD Yüklə 3,09 Mb. Dostları ilə paylaş:
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