Instream Flow Council Instream flow and stream ecology literature May 26, 2014 hb

Wathen, G., S.M. Coghlan Jr., J. Zydlewski, and J.G. Trial. 2011. Habitat selection and overlap of Atlantic salmon and smallmouth bass juveniles in nursery streams. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 140 (5): 1145-1157. Doi:10.1080/00028487.2011.613284
Watkins, M.S., S. Doherty, and G.H. Copp. 1997. Microhabitat use by 0+ and older fishes in a small English chalk stream. J. Fish Biol. 50 (5): 1010-1024. Doi: 10.1111/j.1095-8649.1997.tb01626.x.
Watson, J.M. 2006. Patterns and habitat associations of a desert spring fish assemblages and responses to a large-scale flood. Master’s thesis. Texas State University-San Marcos.

Watson, P.L. 2008. Managing the River as Well as the Dam: Assessing Environmental Flow Requirements – Lessons from the Lesotho Highlands Water Project. World bank, Directions in Development Series. Washington.

Watts, R.J., D.S. Ryder, C. Allan, and S. Commens. 2010. Using river-scale experiments to inform the adaptive management process for variable flow releases from large dams. Marine and Freshwater Research 61: 786-797.
Weatherly, N.S., E.W. Campbellendrum, and S.J. Ormerod. 1991. The growth of brown trout in mild winters and summer droughts in upland Wales - model validation and preliminary prediction. Freshwater Biology 26: 121-131.
Weaver, C.R. 1963. Influence of water velocity upon orientation and performance of adult migrating salmonids. Fishery Bulletin 63: 97-121.
Webb, B.W., P.D. Clack, and D.E. Walling. 2003. Water-air temperature relationships in a Devon river system and the role of flow. Hydrol. Proc. 17: 3069-3084. Doi: 10.1002/hyp.1280.
Webb, B.W., and F. Nobilis. 2007. Long-term changes in river temperature and the influence of climatic and hydrological factors. Hydrol. Sci. J. 52: 74-85.
Webb, B.W., and D.E. Walling. 1993. Temporal variability in the impact of river regulation on thermal regime and some biological implications. Freshwater Biology 29: 167-182.
Webb, B.W., and D.E. Walling. 1997. Complex summer water temperature behaviour below a UK regulating reservoir. Regulated Rivers: Research and Management 13: 463-477.
Webb, J.A., M.J. Stewardson, and W.M. Koster. 2010. Detecting ecological responses to flow variation using Bayesian hierarchical models. Freshwater Biology 55: 108-126. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2427.2009.02205.x.
Webb, J.H., R.J. Fryer, J.B. Taggart, C.E. Thompson, and A.F. Youngson. 2001. Dispersion of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) fry from competing families as revealed by DNA profiling. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 52 (12): 2386-2395.
Webb, J.H., C.N. Gibbins, H.J. Moir, and C.S. Soulsby. 2001. Flow requirements of spawning Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) in an upland stream: implications for water resources management. Journal of the Chartered Institution of Water and Environmental Management 15 (1): 1-8.
Webb, J.H., H.J. Moir, C.N. Gibbins, and C. Soulsby. 2001. Flow requirements of spawning Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) in an upland stream: implications for water resource management. Journal of the Institute of Water and Environmental Management 15: 1-8.
Webb, P. 1975. Hydrodynamics and energetics of fish propulsion. Bulletin of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 190.
Webb, P., C. Gerstner, and S. Minton. 1996. Station-holding by mottled sculpin, Cottus bairdi (Teleostei: Cottidae), and other fishes. Copeia 1996: 488-493.
Webb, P.W., P.T. Kostecki, and E.D. Stevens. 1984. The effect of size and swimming speed on locomotor kinematics of rainbow trout. Journal of Experimental Biology 109: 77-95.
Webber, J.D., S.N. Chun, T.R. Maccoll, L.T. Mirise, A. Kawabata, E.K. Anderson, T. Sung Cheong, L. Kavvas, M. Mcgee Rotondo, K.L. Hochgraf, R. Churchwell, and J.J. Cech Jr. 2007. Upstream swimming performance of adult white sturgeon: effects of partial baffles and a ramp. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 136: 402-408.
Webster, D.A., and G. Eiriksdottir. 1976. Upwelling as a factor influencing choice of spawning sites by brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis). Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 105: 416-421.
Weeber. M.A., G.R. Giannico, and S.E. Jacobs. 2010. Effects of redd superimposition by introduced kokanee on the spawning success of native bull trout. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 30 (1): 47-54.
Weigel, B.M., J. Lyons, P.W, Rasmussen, and L. Wang. 2006. Relative influence of environmental variables at multiple spatial scales on fishes in Wisconsin’s warm-water nonwadeable rivers. Pages 493-511 in: R. Hughes, L. Wang, and P. Seelbach, editors. Landscape influences on stream habitats and biological assemblages. American Fisheries Society, Symposium 48, Bethesda, Maryland.
Weihs, D. 1973. Optimal fish cruising speed. Nature (London) 245: 48-50.
Weihs, D. 1974. Energetic advantages of burst swimming of fish. Journal of Theoretical Biology 48: 215-229.
Weisberg, S.B., and W. H. Burton. 1993. Enhancement of fish feeding and growth after an increase in minimum flow below the Conowingo Dam. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 13 (1): 103-109.
Weisberg, S.B., A.J. Janicki, J. Gerritsen, and H.T. Wilson. 1990. Enhancement of benthic macroinvertebrates by minimum flow from a hydroelectric dam. Regulated Rivers: Research and Management 5: 265-277.
Weise, A.M., M. Levasseur, F.J. Saucier, S. Senneville, E. Bonneau, S. Roy, G. Sauve, S. Michaud, and J. Fauchot. 2002. The link between precipitation, river runoff, and blooms of the toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium tamarense in the St. Lawrence. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 59 (3): 464-473.
Welcomme, R. 1979. Fisheries ecology of floodplain rivers. Longman, London. 317 pp.
Welcomme, R.L. 1988. Concluding remarks I: On the nature of large tropical rivers, floodplains, and future research directions. Journal of the North American Benthological Society 7 (4): 525-526.
Welcomme, R. 1989. Review of the present state of knowledge of fish stocks and fisheries of African rivers. Pp. 515-532 in: D.P. Dodge (ed.), Proceedings of the International Large Rivers Symposium. Canadian Sp. Publ. Fish. Aquatic. Sci. 106.
Welcomme, R.L., C. Bene, C.A. Brown, A.H. Arthington, P. Dugan, J.M. King, and V. Sugunan. 2006. Predicting the water requirements of river fisheries. Pages 123-154 in: J.T.A. Verhoeven, B. Beltman, R. Bobbink, and D.F. Whigham, editors. Wetlands and Natural Resource Management. Ecological Studies, Vol. 90. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Welcomme, R., and D. Hagborg. 1977. Towards a model of a floodplain fish population and its fishery. Environmental Biology of Fishes 2: 7-74.
Welcomme, R., R.A. Ryder, and J.A. Sedell. 1989. Dynamics of fish assemblages in river systems - a synthesis. Pp. 569-577 in: D.P. Dodge (ed.), Proceedings of the International Large Rivers Symposium. Canadian Sp. Publ. Fish. Aquatic. Sci. 106.
Welcomme, R.L., K.O. Winemiller, and I.J. Cowx. 2006. Fish environmental guilds as a tool for assessment of ecological condition of rivers. River Research and Applications 22: 377-396.
Welker, T.L., and D.L. Scarnecchia. 2004. Habitat use and population structure of four native minnows (family Cyprinidae) in the upper Missouri and lower Yellowstone rivers, North Dakota (USA). Ecology of Freshwater Fish 13: 8-22. Doi: 10.1111/j.0906-6691.2004.00036.x.
Wellmeyer, J.L., M.C. Slattery, and J.D. Phillips. 2005. Quantifying downstream impacts of impoundment on flow regime and channel planform, lower Trinity River, Texas. Geomorphology 69: 1-13.

Welsh, H.H., Jr., G.R. Hodgson, B.C. Harvey, and M.F. Roche. 2001. Distribution of juvenile coho salmon in relation to water temperatures in tributaries of the Mattole River, California. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 21 (3): 464-470.

Welsh, H., and L.M. Ollivier. 1998. Stream amphibians as indicators of ecosystem stress: a case study from California’s redwoods. Ecological Applications 8: 1118-1132.
Welsh, S.A., and H.L. Liller. 2013. Environmental correlates of upstream migration of yellow-phase American eels in the Potomac River drainage. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 142 (2(: 483-491. Doi: 10.1080/00028487.2012.754788.
Welsh, S.A., and S.A. Perry. 1998. Habitat partitioning in a community of darters in the Elk River, West Virginia. Environmental Biology of Fishes 51: 411-419.
Wen, F., and X. Chen. 2006 Evaluation of the impact of groundwater irrigation on streamflow in Nebraska. Journal of Hydrology 327: 603-617.
Weng, Z., N. Mookerji, and A. Mazumder. 2001. Nutrient-dependent recovery of Atlantic salmon streams from a catastrophic flood. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 58 (8): 1672-1682.
Wenger, S.J., D.J. Isaak, J.B. Dunham, K.D. Fausch, C.H. Luce, H.M. Neville, B.E. Reiman, M.K. Young, D.E. Nagel, D.L. Horan, and G.L. Chandler. 2011. Role of climate and invasive species in structuring trout distributions in the interior Columbia River Basin, USA. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 68 (6): 988-1008.
Wenger, S.J., D.J. Isaak, C.H. Luce, H.M. Neville, K.D. Fausch, J.D. Dunham, D.C. Dauwalter, M/K. Young, M.M. Elsner, B.E. Rieman, A.F. Hamlet, and J.E. Williams. 2011. Flow regime, temperature, and biotic interactions drive differential declines of trout species under climate change. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 108: 14175-14180. doi:10.1073/pnas.1103097108.
Wenger, S.J., C.H. Luce, A.F. Hamlet, D.J. Isaak, and H.M. Neville. 2010. Macroscale hydrologic modeling of ecologically relevant flow metrics. Water Resour. Res. 46 (9): W09513. Doi:10.1029/2009WR008839.
Wenger, S.J., J.T. Peterson, M.C. Freeman, B.J. Freeman, and D.D. Homans. 2008. Stream fish occurrence in response to impervious cover, historic land use, and hydrogeomorphic factors. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 65 (7): 1250-1264. Doi: 10.1139/F08-046.
Wentworth, C.K. 1922. A scale of grade and class terms for cladistic sediments. Journal of Geology 30: 377-392.
Wenzel, C.R. 1993. Flushing flow requirements of a large, regulated Wyoming river to maintain trout spawning habitat quality. M.S. thesis, Department of Range Management, University of Wyoming, Laramie.
Wesche, T.A. 1973. Parametric determination of minimum stream flow for trout. Water Resources Research Institute, University of Wyoming, Laramie. 102 pp.
Wesche, T.A. 1974. Evaluation of trout cover in smaller streams. Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Western Association of Game and Fisheries Commissioners 54: 286-294.
Wesche, T.A. 1980. A procedure for measuring trout cover in smaller streams. Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Western Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies 80: 466-479.
Wesche, T.A. 1990. Analysis of flushing flows required for channel maintenance. Ph.D. dissertation, Washington State University, Pullman.
Wesche, T.A., C.M. Goertler, and W.A. Hubert. 1987. Modified habitat suitability index model for brown trout in southeastern Wyoming. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 7 (2): 232-237.
Wesche, T.A., V.R. Hasfurther, W.A. Hubert, and Q.D. Skinner. 1987. Assessment of flushing flow needs in a steep, rough, regulated tributary. Pp. 59-70 in: J.F. Craig and J.B. Kemper, editors. Regulated Streams: Advances in Ecology. Plenum Press, New York and London.
Wesche, T.A., and P.A. Rechard. 1980. A summary of instream flow methods for fisheries and related research needs. Water Resources Research Institute Eisenhower Consortium Bulletin 9, University of Wyoming, Laramie.
Wesche, T.A., S.W. Wolff, and Q.D. Skinner. 1989. Response of mountain stream channels and associated areas to flow regulation. P. 182 in: R.E. Gresswell, B. Barton, and J.L. Kershner (eds.), Practical Approaches to Riparian Resource Management. U.S. Bureau of Land Management, Billings, MT.
Westbrook, C., D.J. Cooper, and P. Baker. 2006. Beaver dams and overbank floods influence groundwater-surface water interactions of a Rocky Mountain riparian area. Water Resources Research 42: W06404. Doi: 10.1029/2005WR004560.
Westlake, D.F. 1967. Some effect of low-velocity currents on the metabolism of aquatic macrophytes. Journal of Experimental Botany 18: 187-205.
Wetherall, J.A. 1971. Estimation of survival rates for chinook salmon during their downstream migration in the Green River, Washington. Ph.D. dissertation. College of Fisheries, University of Washington, Seattle. 170 pp.
Wetmore, S.H., R.J. Mackay, and R.W. Newbury. 1990. Characterization of the hydraulic habitat of Brachycentrus occidentalis, a filter-feeding caddisfly. Journal of the American Benthological Society 9: 157-169.
Weyers, R.S., C.A. Jennings, and M.C. Freeman. 2003. Effects of pulsed, high-velocity water flow on larval robust redhorse and V-lip redhorse. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 132: 84-91.
Whalen, K.G., and D.L. Parrish. 1999. Nocturnal habitat use of Atlantic salmon parr in winter. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 56 (9): 1543-1550.
Whalen, K.G., D.L. Parrish, and M.E. Mather. 1999. Effect of ice formation on selection of habitats and winter distribution of post-young-of-the-year Atlantic salmon parr. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 56 (1): 87-96. Doi: 10.1139/cjfas-56-1-87
Wheeler, A.P., and M.S. Allen. 2003. Habitat and diet partitioning between shoal bass and largemouth bass in the Chipola River, Florida. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 132 (3): 438-449.
Wheelock, K. 2003. Pulsed river flooding effects on sediment deposition in Breton Sound estuary, Louisiana. Thesis, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA.
Whitacre, H.W., B.B. Roper, and J.L. Kershner. 2007. A comparison of protocols and observer precision for measuring physical stream attributes. Journal of the American Water Resources Association 43: 923-937.
White, D.S. 1990. Biological relationships to convective flow patterns within stream beds. Hydrobiologia 196 (2): 149-158. Doi:10.1007/BF00006106.
White, G. 1988. The environmental effects of the high dam at Aswan. Environment
White, J.L., and B.C. Harvey. 2007. Winter feeding success of stream trout under different streamflow and turbidity conditions. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 136 (5): 1187-1192.
White, R.G. 1976. A methodology for recommending stream resource maintenance flows for large rivers. Pp. 376-386 in: J.F. Orsborn and C.H. Allman (editors), Proceedings of the Symposium and Specialty Conference on Instream Flow Needs II, 3-6 May 1976. American Fisheries Society, Bethesda, Md.
White, R.G., A.E. Bingham, R.A. Ruediger, and T.S. Vogel. 1981. Response of fish and fish-food organisms to reduction in stream discharge. Proceedings of the 60^th Annual Conference of the Western Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies: 480-493.
White, R.J. 1973. Stream channel suitability for coldwater fish. Proceedings of the 28th Annual Meeting of the Soil Conservation Society of America (Plants, Animals and Man), September 30  October 3, Hot Springs, Arkansas. pp. 6179.
White, R.J. 1975. Trout population responses to streamflow fluctuation and habitat management in Big Roche-a-Cri Creek, Wisconsin. Internationale Vereinigung fur Theoretische und Angewandte Limnologie Verhandlungen 19: 2469-2477.
White, S.L., C. Gowan, K.D. Fausch, J.G. Harris, and W.C. Saunders. 2011. Response of trout populations in five Colorado streams two decades after habitat manipulation. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 68 (12): 2057-2063. Doi: 10.1139/F2011-125
White, S.M., and F.J. Rahel. 2008. Complementation of habitats for Bonneville cutthroat trout in watersheds influenced by beavers, livestock, and drought. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 137 (3): 881-894.
Whited, D., J.A. Stanford, and J.S. Kimball. 2002. Application of airborne multispectral digital imagery to quantify riverine habitats at different base flows. River Research and Application 18: 583-594.
Whited, D.C., M.S. Lorang, M.J. Harner, F.R. Hauer, J.S. Kiball, and J.A. Stanford. 2007. Climate, hydrologic disturbance, and succession: drivers of floodplain patterns. Ecology 88(4): 940-953.
Whitfield, A.K. 1994. Abundance of larval and 0+ juvenile marine fishes in the lower reaches of three southern African estuaries with differing freshwater inputs. Marine Ecology Progress Series 105: 257-267.
Whitfield, A.K., and M.N. Bruton. 1989. Some biological implications of reduced fresh water inflow into eastern Cape estuaries: A preliminary assessment. South African Journal of Science 85: 691-694.
Whitfield, A.K., and T.D. Harrison. 2003. River flow and fish abundance in a South African estuary. Journal of Fish Biology 62: 1467-1472.
Whitfield, A.K., and T.H. Wooldridge. 1994. Changes in freshwater supplies to southern African estuaries: Some theoretical and practical considerations, p. 41-50. In: K.R. Dyer and R.J. Orth (eds.). Changes in Fluxes in Estuaries: Implications from Science and Management. Olsen and Olsen, Fredensborg, Denmark.
Whitfield, P.H., and H. Schreier. 1981. Hysteresis in relationships between discharge and water chemistry in the Fraser River Basin, British Columbia. Limnology and Oceanography 26: 1179-1182.
Whitford, L.A., and G.J. Schumacher. 1964. Effect of a current on respiration and mineral uptake in Spirogyra and Oedogonium. Ecology 45: 168-170.
Whiting, P.J. 1998. Floodplain maintenance flows. Rivers 6 (3): 160-170.
Whiting, P.J. 2002.Streamflow necessary for environmental maintenance. Annual Reviews of Earth and Planetary Sciences 30: 181-206.
Whiting, P.J., and J.B. Bradley. 1993. A process-based classification for headwater streams. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 18: 603-612.
Whiting, P.J., and M. Pomeranets. 1997. A numerical study of bank storage and its contribution to streamflow. Journal of Hydrology 202: 121-136.
Whiting, P.J., J.F. Stamm, D.B. Moog, and R.L. Orndorff. 1999. Sediment-transporting flows in headwater streams. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 111 (3): 450-466. Doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1999)111<0450:STFIHS>2.3.CO;2.
Whitledge, G.W., C.F. Rabeni, G. Annis, and S.P. Sowa. 2006. Riparian shading and groundwater enhance growth potential for smallmouth bass in Ozark streams. Ecological Applications 16 (4): 1461-1473.
Whitworth, K.L., D.S. Baldwin, and J.L. Kerr. 2012. Drought, floods and water quality: drivers of a severe hypoxic blackwater event in a mjorriversstem (the southern Murray-Darling Basin, Australia). J. Hydrol. 450-451: 190-198. Doi: 10.1016/j.hydrol.2012.04.057.
Whitworth, K.L., J.L. Kerr, L.M. Mosley, J. Conallin, L. Hardwick, and D.S. Baldwin. 2013. Options for managing hypoxic blackwater in river systems: case studies and framework. Environmental Management 52: 837-850. doi: 10.1007/s00267-013-0130-9
Wiberg, P.L., and J.D. Smith. 1991. Velocity distribution and bed roughness in high-gradient streams. Water Resources Research 27: 825-838.
Wickett, W.P. 1951. The coho salmon population of Nile Creek. Fisheries Research Board of Canada Pacific Prog. Rep. 89: 88-89.
Wickett, W.P. 1958. Review of certain environmental factors affecting the production of pink and chum salmon. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 15: 11031126.
Wickham, M.G. 1967. Physical microhabitat of trout. M.S. thesis. Colorado State University, Fort Collins.
Widdows, J., J.S. Lucas, M.D. Brinsley, P.N. Salkeld, and F.J. Staff. 2002. Investigations of the effects of current velocity on mussel feeding and mussel stability using an annular flume. Helgoland Marine Research 56: 3-12.
Wiens, J.A. 2002. Riverine landscapes: taking landscape ecology into the water. Freshwater Biology 47: 501-515.
Wigington, P.J., Jr., J.L. Ebersole, M.E. Colvin, S.G. Liebowiz, B.Miller, B. Hanson, H.R. Lavigne, D. White, J.P. Baker, M.R. Church, J.R. Brooks, M.A. Cairns, and J.E. Compton. 2006. Coho salmon dependence on intermittent streams. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 4 (10): 513-518.
Wilber, D.H. 1992. Association between freshwater inflows and oyster productivity in Apalachicola Bay, Florida. Estuar Coast Shelf Sci 35: 179-190.
Wilber, D.H. 1994. The influence of Apalachicola River flows on the blue crab, Callinectes sapidus, in north Florida. Fishery Bulletin 92: 180-188.
Wilber, D.A., and R. Bass. 1998. Effect of Colorado River diversion on Matagordo Bay epifauna. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 47: 309-318.
Wilcock, P.R. 1996. Estimating local bed shear stress from velocity observations. Water Resour. Res. 32 (11): 3361-3366. Doi:10.1029/96WR02277.
Wilcock, P.R., A.F. Barta, C.C. Shea, G.M. Kondolf, W.V. Graham Matthews, and J. Pitlick. 1996. Observations of flow and sediment entrainment on a large gravel-bed river. Water Resources Research 32: 2897-2909.
Wilcock, P.R., G.M. Kondolf, W.V. Graham Matthews, and A.F. Barta. 1996. Specification of sediment maintenance flows for a large gravel-bed river. Water Resources Research 32 (9): 2911-2921.
Wilcox, B.P. 2002. Shrub control and streamflow on rangelands: a process based viewpoint. J. Range Manage 55: 318-326.
Wilcox, B.P., D.D. Breshears, and C.D. Allen. 2003. Ecohydrology of a resource-conserving semiarid woodland: temporal and spatial scaling and disturbance. Ecological Monographs 73: 223-239.
Wilcox, B.P., M.K. Owens, W.A. Dugas, et al. 2006. Shrubs, streamflow, and the paradox of scale. Hydrol. Proc. 20: 3245-59.
Wilcox, B.P., M.K. Owens, R.W. Knight, et al. 2005. Do woody plants affect streamflow on semiarid karst rangelands? Ecol. Appl. 15: 127-136.
Wilde, G.R., and B.W. Durham. 2008. Daily survival rates of larvae and juveniles of six species of Great Plains cyprinid fishes. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 137: 830-833.
Wilde, G.R., and B.W. Durham. 2008. A life history model for peppered chub, a broadcast-spawning cyprinid. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 137: 1657-1666.
Wildhaber, M.L., V.M. Tabor, J.E. Whitaker, A.L. Allert, D.W. Mulhern, P.J. Lamberson, and K.L. Powell. 2000. Ictalurid populations in relation to the presence of a main-stem reservoir in a midwestern warmwater stream with emphasis on the threatened Neosho madtom. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 129 (6): 1264-1280.
Wildhaber, M.L., P.J. Lamberson, and D.L. Galat. 2003. A comparison of measures of riverbed form for evaluating distributions of benthic fishes. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 23 (2): 543-557.
Wiley, D. 1995. Development and evaluation of flushing flow recommendations for the Big Horn River. Master’s thesis, University of Wyoming, Laramie.
Wiley, D.J. 2004. Relations between physical habitat and American eel abundance in five river basins in Maryland. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 133 (3): 512-526.
Wiley, M.J., and S.J. Kohler. 1981. An assessment of biological interactions in an epilithic stream community using time lapse cinematography. Hydrobiologia 78: 183-188.
Wiley, M.J., L.L. Osborne, R.W. Larimore, and T.J. Kwak. 1987. Augmenting concepts and techniques for examining critical flow requirements of Illinois stream fishes. Illinois State Natural History Survey, Aquatic Biology Section. Champagne, IL.
Williams, C.A., and D.J. Cooper. 2005. Mechanisms of riparian cottonwood decline along regulated rivers. Ecosystems 8: 382-395.
Williams, C.S., and T.H. Bonner. 2006. Habitat associations, life history, and diet of the Sabine shiner Notropis sabinae in an east Texas stream. American Midland Naturalist 155: 84-102.
Williams, D.D. 1980. Temporal patterns in recolonization of stream benthos. Archives of Hydrobiology 90: 56-74.
Williams, D.D. 1996. Environmental constraints in temporary freshwaters and their consequences for the insect fauna. J. N. Am, Benthol. Soc. 15 (4): 634-650. Doi: 10.2307/1467813.
Williams, D.D., and H.B.N. Hynes. 1976. The ecology of temporary streams. I. The faunas of two Canadian streams. Int. Rev. Ges. Hydrobio. 61: 761-787.