Introduction a Introduction
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TEXT 23 f-l/é[uiTairYa&Na› é[eYaaeivv+aYaaPa[ae˘&-YaQaa>aEzJYaraecNaMa( ))23))
484 UDDHAVA-GÉTÄ COMMENTARY It has been heard from the scriptures that materialistic people can go to heaven if they perform pious activities. Therefore, how can they be considered to be deviating from the ultimate goal of life? The answer is given in this verse. Such inducements to perform pious activities are not actually life’s ultimate goal. The great sage, Närada, has said, “Destruction of distress and attainment of happiness is auspicious. This cannot be achieved by the performance of fruitive activities.” By this statement, the ultimate auspiciousness of karma is refuted. Then, what about statements found in the Vedic literature such as, “Enjoy life with the damsels of heaven?” The answer is that just to develop in the conditioned souls a taste for performing pious activities, the Vedic literature sometimes offers inducements to gradually bring them to the path of liberation. This is like the inducement given to a child so that he will take some medicine. The father may tell him, “If you drink this bitter juice of neem leaves, I will give you a laddu.” Because of the inducement, the son will agree to drink the bitter medicine and thus his disease will be cured. Of course, the gift of a laddu is not the actual fruit of drinking bitter neem juice.
When fruitive workers hear about the tempting fruits of karma, they cannot resist the temptation. Actually, they are deceived by such flowery language of the Vedas because such fruitive work, in and of itself, cannot award one ultimate benefit. TEXT 24 oTPatYaEvihk-aMaezuPa[a AaSa˘-MaNaSaaeMaTYaaR AaTMaNaae_NaQaRheTauzu ))24))
The question may be raised, “In the karma-käëňa sections of the Vedas, there is no mention of liberation from material existence. Therefore, by what authority can one state
that liberation is the goal of karma?” The answer is given herein: “The primary purport Explanation of the Vedic Path 485 of the Vedas supports this statement. By nature, the conditioned souls are attached to material enjoyment since the moment of their birth. As a result, they become attached to their senses, strength, influence, wife, children, and other relatives. However, such attachment is simply anartha, or unwanted, and therefore produces only distress.
NaTaaNaivduz>SvaQa|>a]aMYaTaaev*iJaNaaßiNa ) k-Qa&Yau&j(TPauNaSTaezuTaa&STaMaaeivXaTaaebuDa> ))25))
Generally, materialistic people are ignorant of their real self-interest, which is the platform of ultimate happiness. Therefore, the Vedic literature does not actually encourage faithful persons to act in a way that will enable them to enjoy heavenly pleasure and thereafter be born in the lower species of life. If this were the actual intention of the Vedas, they could not be considered genuinely auspicious. TEXT 26 Wv&VYaviSaTa&ke-icdivjaYaku-buÖYa> ) f-l/é[uiTa&ku-SauiMaTaa&NavedjavdiNTaih ))26))
486 UDDHAVA-GÉTÄ COMMENTARY One may still question, “Why do the mémäŕsakas declare that the aim of the Vedas is to transfer the living entities to heaven?” The answer is herein given: “Such people, not realizing the real intention of the Vedas, accept the Vedic statements that promise heavenly elevation to be the actual purport of the Vedas. Actually, the flowery language of the Vedas have bewildered these people. Due to ignorance, they consider the flowers to be the fruit. As a result of being bewildered, their intelligence has become contaminated so that they are misguided. Such persons certainly do not know the actual purport of the Vedas. Great sages, such as Vyäsadeva, who are conversant with the actual purport of the Vedas, never preach in this way.
k-aiMaNa>k*-Pa AiGanMauGDaaDaUMaTaaNTaa>Sv&l/aek&-NaivdiNTaTae ))27))
In the next eight verses, Çré Kĺńëa exposes the evil-mindedness of the mémäŕsakas. Those who consider the irrelevant results of karma to be their aim of life become absorbed in the performance of Vedic sacrifices, which can be compared to a glaring fire. As a result, they are overcome by the smoke produced by that fire and thus lose their power of discrimination. While blinded by the smoke, they wander on the path of material existence and thus experience countless miseries.
NaTaeMaaMa®JaaNaiNTaôidSQa&YaEd&YaTa> ) oKQaXańaůSauTa*PaaeYaQaaNaqharc+auz> ))28))
Explanation of the Vedic Path 487 My dear Uddhava, those who perform the Vedic rituals in the hopes of achieving future sense gratification cannot understand that I am situated within the hearts of all living entities, and that this universe is non-different from Me, being a manifestation of My energy. It is as if their eyes are covered by a dense fog. COMMENTARY Although the Lord is situated in the hearts of the mémäŕsakas, they do not know Him as the original cause of the cosmic manifestation. The false bodily concept of life, in which one ignores the eternal soul within the body, is a dense fog of ignorance that blocks our vision of God. Mémäŕsakas refers to those whose eyes are covered with fog of ignorance. It is stated in the Vedas that the Supreme Lord is situated within the hearts of all living entities as the Supersoul. However, because people are covered by ignorance and indulge in idle talks, they cannot know Him. PURPORT In spite of the Lord’s existence within the hearts of all living entities, they still engage in sense gratification and thus lose their power of vision.
TaeMaeMaTaMaivjaYaParae+a&ivzYaaTMak-a> ) ih&SaaYaa&YaidraGa>SYaaŰj WvNacaedNaa ))29)) ih&Saaivharaůal/BDaE>PaXaui>a>SvSau%eC^Yaa ) YaJaNTaedevTaaYajE>iPaTa*>aUTaPaTaqN%l/a> ))30))
488 UDDHAVA-GÉTÄ COMMENTARY Although the Vedas sometimes recommend the performance of animal sacrifices, this is actually meant to restrict the killing of animals, and not to encourage it. Because there is always a class of men who will eat meat, the Vedas prescribe the performance of elaborate rituals at certain prescribed times, just to discourage unrestricted animal slaughter. It is only misguided philosophers that encourage the sacrifice of animals as a means for enjoying sense gratification in this life, and attaining the planets of the demigods or forefathers after death.
Being influenced by the mode of ignorance, there are many people who consider the performance of sacrifices mentioned in the Vedas to be the their supreme religious duty. Such people generally worship the forefathers, demigods, and ghosts in order to enjoy a life of sense gratification, both in this world and the next, and thus they take pleasure in killing animals in the name of performing sacrifices. TEXT 31 SvPanaePaMaMaMau&l/aek-MaSaNTa&é[v AaiXazaeôidSaŞLPYaTYaJaNTYaQaaRNYaQaavi Fruitive workers are actually very unfortunate. This is being pointed out in this verse. Both in this world and in the heavenly planets, life is temporary. Materialistic
people resolve to enjoy like a king in this world, and so seek the demigods’ blessings for this purpose. Still, they are always full of anxieties. They spend a huge amount of
wealth for conducting Vedic sacrifices, just as a merchant takes the risk of crossing the insurmountable ocean in the hopes of accumulate great wealth. However, in the long
run, both lose their hard-earned wealth while making a risky journey that does not provide eternal benefit.
Explanation of the Vedic Path PURPORT 489 It is the nature of material existence that causes everyone to work very hard for the purpose of enjoying sense gratification as far as possible. As eternal fragmental parts and parcels of the Lord, we can enjoy a blissful life in His association but instead, we waste our time struggling for existence in this illusory material manifestation. It is something like a businessman who foolishly squanders all his wealth on a useless business venture that yields no profit. TEXT 32 rJa>SatvTaMaaeiNaďarJa>SatvTaMaaeJauz> ) oPaaSaTaENd]Mau:YaaNdevadqNNaYaQaEvMaaMa( ))32))
Those who are under the influence of the three modes of material nature act according to their situation under the modes of nature. Although the demigods, headed by Indra, are parts and parcels of the Supreme Lord, worshiping them is not considered to be direct worship of the Lord. Sometimes persons situated in the mode of goodness accept the supremacy of the Supreme Lord but are more attracted to the demigods, believing that through Vedic rituals they can achieve the same standard of living as the demigods. This proud tendency is certainly an obstacle in the loving service of the Supreme Lord and ultimately causes falldown. This is confirmed in the Bhagavad-gétä
490 UDDHAVA-GÉTÄ I am the only enjoyer and master of all sacrifices. Therefore, those who do not recognize My true transcendental nature fall down. PURPORT Those who consider themselves to be servants of the demigods can overcome the influence of the modes of passion and ignorance by acting in the mode of goodness. However, although they enthusiastically worship the demigods, headed by Indra, they have no taste for worshiping the Supreme Personality of Godhead. Even the demigods, who are supposed to be situated in the mode of goodness, often oppose the worship of the Supreme Lord, creating a situation that is inauspicious.
wîehdevTaaYajEGaRTvar&SYaaMaheidiv ) TaSYaaNTaEh>aUYaaSMaMahaXaal/aMahaku-l/a> ))33)) Wv&PauiZPaTaYaavacaVYaai+aáMaNaSaa&Na* MaaiNaNaa&caiTalu/BDaaNaa&MaÜaTaaRiPaNaraecTae
The attached fruitive workers think that they will perform sacrifice in this world to please the demigods and when they finish enjoying heavenly delights, they will return
to this world to become rich householders. Explanation of the Vedic Path PURPORT 491 Bewildered by the flowery words of the Vedas, greedy and proud materialists do not have any interest in satisfying the senses of the master of the senses. TEXT 35 vedab]řaTMaivzYaaińk-a<@ivzYaa wMae ) Parae+avada‰zYa>Parae+a&MaMaciPa[YaMa( ))35))
The Vedas are divided into three sections, referred to as karma-käëňa, brahma- käëňa, and devatä-käëňa. The Vedic literature teaches the science of the individual spirit soul and the supreme Brahman. Human beings are supposed to worship the Supreme Personality of Godhead by chanting the mantras that are revealed in the Vedic literature. The question may arise, “Why do the sages and the Vedic mantras speak in esoteric or indirect terms?” The answer is: “The Supreme Lord does not allow Himself to be taken cheaply, and thus He is not manifest to superficial or inimical people.” PURPORT One who depends upon material sense perception remains in gross ignorance of the Absolute Truth. One who depends upon mental and intellectual speculation may get a clue that the eternal soul and Supersoul are both within the material body. In this regard, one should study the tenth verse of the Upadeçämĺta of Çré Rüpa Gosvämé:
492 UDDHAVA-GÉTÄ In the çästra it is said that of all types of fruitive workers, he who is advanced in knowledge of the higher values of life is favored by the Supreme Lord Hari. Out of many such people who are advanced in knowledge (jďänés), one who is practically liberated by virtue of his knowledge may take to devotional service. He is superior to the others. However, one who has actually attained prema, pure love of Kĺńëa, is superior to him. The gopés are exalted above all the advanced devotees because they are always totally dependent upon Çré Kĺńëa, the transcendental cowherd boy. Among the gopés, Çrématé Rädhäräëé is the most dear to Kĺńëa. Her kuëňa (lake) is as profoundly dear to Lord Kĺńëa as this most beloved of the gopés. Who, then, will not reside at Rädhä-kuëňa and, in a spiritual body surcharged with ecstatic devotional feelings (apräkĺtabhäva), render loving service to the divine couple Çré Çré Rädhä-Govinda, who perform Their ańöakäléya-lélä, Their eternal eightfold daily pastimes. Indeed, those who execute devotional service on the banks of Rädhä-kuëňa are the most fortunate people in the universe. TEXT 36 ABdb]řSaudubaeRDa&Pa[a ANaNTaPaar&GaM>aqr&duivRGaaů&SaMaud]vTa( ))36))
The transcendental sound vibration of the Vedas exists in four stages, as understood by those who are highly qualified brähmaëas. Three of these stages are internally situated
and only the fourth stage is manifest externally as speech. Even this fourth stage of the Vedas is very difficult for ordinary people to understand, and so what to speak of the
other three. The präëa stage of the Vedic sound vibration is located in the ädhära- The intellectual stage is located in the region of the heart, in the anähata-cakra, and the sensory stage is referred to as vaikharé.
The transcendental vibration of the Vedas encompasses all the energies within creation and is beyond the limitations of time and space. It is so subtle and sublime that
only the Lord Himself and His representatives can understand its actual purport. Explanation of the Vedic Path PURPORT Yüklə 8,84 Mb. Dostları ilə paylaş:
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