Maxsus ta’lim vazirligi nizomiy nomidagi Toshkent davlat pedagogika universiteti qoshidagi akademik litsey Nurmatov J. N, Kudratov K. X

UNIT 42

INDEFINITE PRONOUNS
somebody (someone), something, somewhere, anybody (anyone), anything, anywhere
In general we use something/somebody/someone in positive sentences and anything/anybody/anyone in negative sentences:

something/somebody	anything/anybody
There’s somebody at the door.	There isn’t anybody at the door.
I’m hungry. I want something to eat.	I’m not hungry. I don’t want anything to eat.

We use anything/anybody in the following sentences because the meaning is negative:

• 
  He refused to eat anything. (He did not eat anything.)
  
• 
  Hardly anybody passed the examination. (=almost nobody passed)
  

In most questions we use anything/anybody/anyone:

• 
  ‘Has anybody seen my bag?’ ‘Yes, it’s under the table.’
  

But we use something/somebody/someone in questions when we expect the answer ‘yes’:

• 
  What’s wrong? Have you got something in your eye? (It seems that you have got something in your eye and I expect you to answer ‘yes’.)
  

We use something/somebody/someone in questions when we offer or ask for things:

• 
  Would you like something to eat?
  

We often use anything/anybody/anyone after if:

• 
  If anyone has any questions, I’ll be pleased to answer them.
  

• 
  Let me know if you need anything.
  

The following sentences have the idea of if:

• 
  Anyone who wants to do the exam must give me their names today. (=if there is anyone)
  

We use anything/anybody/anyone with the meaning ‘it doesn’t matter which’:

• 
  ‘Let’s go out somewhere.’ ‘Where shall we go?’ ‘Anywhere. I don’t mind.’
  

• 
  We left the door unlocked. Anybody could have come in.
  

We also use anything/anybody/anyone with negative words without, to refuse, to deny, hardly, scarcely, seldom, nearly, rarely, barely

• 
  She refused to say anything about that accident.
  
• 
  There is hardly anything left in the fridge.
  

Compare something and anything:

• 
  A: I’m hungry. I want something to eat.
  

B: What would you like?

A: I don’t mind. Anything. (=something, but it doesn’t matter what)

Somebody/someone/anybody/anyone are singular words:

• 
  Someone is here to see you.
  

But we often use they/them/their after these words:

• 
  Someone has forgotten their umbrella. (=his or her umbrella)
  

• 
  If anybody wants to leave early, they can. (=he or she can)
  

EX 257 Complete the sentences with some- or any- + -body/-thing/-where.

1. 
   I was too surprised to say ...anything....
   
2. 
   There's ... at the door. Can you go and see who it is?
   
3. 
   Does ... mind if I open the window?
   
4. 
   I wasn't feeling hungry, so I didn't eat ... .
   
5. 
   You must be hungry. Would you like ... to eat?
   
6. 
   Quick, let's gо! There's ... coming and I don't want ... to see us.
   
7. 
   Sally was upset about ... and refused to talk to ... .
   
8. 
   This machine is very easy to use. ... can learn to use it in а very short time.
   
9. 
   There was hardly ... on the beach. It was almost deserted.
   
10. 
    'Do you live ... near Jim?' 'No, he lives in another part of town.'
    
11. 
    We slept in a park because we didn't have ... to stay.
    
12. 
    'Where shall we go on holiday?' 'Let's go ... warm and sunny.'
    
13. 
    They stay at home all the time. They never seem to go ... .
    
14. 
    I’m going out now. If ... phones while I'm out, can you tell them I'll be back at 11.30?
    
15. 
    Why are yon looking under the bed? Have you lost ...?
    
16. 
    ... who saw the accident should contact the police.
    
17. 
    Sue is very secretive. She never tells ... ... .
    

(2 words)