Page 1 Report Substrate Materials for intersectoral biogas strategy Foreword

Summary

As indicated earlier, the production cost of the biogas vary in a ratio

approximately 1:2 for biogas plants based on animal manure depending on size (significantly lower

production costs can be achieved for systems which are based on sewage sludge, etc.). This range of variation

is also indicated in the Swedish biogas strategy report (0.3 to 0.7 SEK / kWh). However, it is necessary

for new solutions to realize the potential of biogas from manure, even where

conditions are most at home in the first place.

It is also disclosed that the Jæren the best solution would be to transport raw gas from biogas

distributed systems in an extended existing infrastructure rather than to choose road transport of

manure / organic fertilizer to / from central biogass-/oppgraderingsanlegg. Although there is some

uncertainty sampling, a Jæren to transport raw gas, upgrade it, and

further transport the upgraded biogas to local / regional consumers around £ 0.2-0.3

/ KWh. This estimate is in line with the lowest expenses that are registered in Sweden.

If the gas to be used for transport, must also build and operate gas filling and cover

kosta ends with sales, marketing and accounting as the Swedish estimate is considered to be between SEK

0.25 to 0.40 / kWh. Our experience indicates higher costs, but we hope to reduce these somewhat if

market increases substantially.

Page 242

242

Page 243

243

Climate and Pollution Agency

PO Box 8100 Dep, 0032 Oslo

Office Address: Strømsveien 96

Phone: [phone]

Fax: [phone]

E-mail: [e-mail]

Internet: www.klif.no

Institution

Climate and Pollution Agency (CPA)

ISBN

Contact the Climate and Pollution Agency

Christine Maass, Christine.Maass @ klif.no , Phone: [phone]

TA-number

3020/2013

Year

2013

Pages

245

Authors

Thea Marcelie Sletten, Christine Maass

Title

Substrate Materials for cross biogas strategy

Summary

Production and use of biogas in Norway to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases in several sectors,

reduce ammonia emissions, increase recycling of nutrients, improve local air quality and reduce

noise impact. In addition, the use of biogas contribute to the achievement of Norwegian targets and commitments like

such as renewable target for the transport sector set in the Renewable Energy Directive.

The report calculates the costs and effects of new production and use of biogas from

manure and organic waste. The total, untapped potential of these raw materials is estimated to

be 1.7 TWh in the short term, where organic waste can produce 1 TWh and 0.7 TWh manure. When

biogas is used in city buses are the costs estimated to 2300 £ / tonne CO

2

-Eq and 1100 kr / ton

CO

2

-Eq, for biogas respectively manure and organic waste. Production based on

manure will produce higher emissions (300 000 tonnes of CO

2

Equiv) than biogas production based on

organic waste (200,000 tonnes CO

2

Equiv), despite the fact that the manure gives a lower energy.

The commercial profitability of the two raw materials are very different, with production costs

of 1.27 NOK / kWh for manure and 0,002 NOK / kWh for organic waste.

There are many tools that can help increase the production and use of biogas, and these should be considered in

conjunction with each other to achieve the best effect. Which means which will give the best effect,

depends on what goals you want to achieve. The introduction of measures that primarily increases

demand for biogas and / or organic fertilizer, the most profitable plants being triggered, ie

plants that use organic waste in production. If you want to stimulate

biogas production from manure, it is important to introduce regulatory measures or "push" -

factors. To get triggered so many positive effects as possible, it is important to measures affecting

the entire value chain. The predictability of the regulatory framework is particularly important for the players to bet on

build a value chain for biogas.

4 keywords

Biogas

Fertilizer

Organic waste

Value Chain

4 subject words

Biogas

Manure

Organic waste

Value chain

Page 244

244

Page 245

245

Page 246

246

Climate and Pollution Agency

PO Box 8100 Dep,

0032 Oslo

Office Address: Strømsveien 96

Phone: [phone]

Fax: [phone]

E-mail: [e-mail]

www.klif.no

About Climate and

Pollution

Climate and Pollution Agency (CPA) is from 2010

the new name for the Norwegian Pollution Control Authority. We are a

Directorate under the Ministry of the Environment 325

employees Helsfyr in Oslo. Directorate works for a

pollution future. We take

pollution policy and guide, guardian and

nominee for a better environment.

Our main tasks are to:

 reduce greenhouse gas emissions

 reduce the spread of health and environmentally hazardous substances

 achieve a comprehensive, ecosystem-based marine and

water management

 increase recycling and reduce emissions from waste

 reduce the harmful effects of air pollution and

noise

TA-3020/2013