Chapter I. Occasional words and their features

Forth from his den to steal he stole,
His bags of chink he chunk,
And many a wicked smile he smole,
And many a wink he wunk.
[First news, 2006]
In this poem, the author uses the so - called grammatical occasionalisms, specially forming the form of the past tense of the verb "smile" ("smole" instead of "smiled") by analogy with the verb "steel" ("stole"). In the second line on the basis of contrast the noun "chink" (ringing coin) and the form of the past tense - "chunk", by analogy with them in the last line of the poem the author tries to construct the form of the past tense from the verb "wink" – "wunk" (instead of "winked").
In the next comic poem, you can see the possible variants of the formation of the plural form of nouns, which are also played in an unusual way:
The рlural of tooth is teeth;
Is the plural of booth then beeth?
The plural of mouse is mice;
Is the plural of spouse then spice?
The plural of that is those;
Is the plural of hat then hose?
And the plural of rat then rose?
Who knows?
[First news, 2006]
These occasionalisms are also grammatical. Because of their use appear to be "false" have no place in the English language plural form of nouns: "beeth" (instead of "booths"), "spice" (instead of "spouses"), "hose" (instead of "hats"), "rose" (instead of "rats").
In the headline of the June issue of the newspaper “Morning Star” [June 3, 2005] “Yet more old style Toryism” occasionalism is formed by suffixation. The word toryism is a lexical occasionalism. ""Tory", the name of the English political party with the suffix " ism " shows the ironic attitude of the author to the party.
In the articles there is the use of occasional words formed by blending. For example, the word tandemocracy (TANDEMOCRACY - Back in the saddle) [The Moscow news, Sep 26, 2011], illustrated by the caricature with the image of the bicycle, consisting of two, hints at the current in Russia the post-election political situation.
A cartoon show a butcher standing in front of his shop, looking with a puzzled expression at the signs on the two shops on either side of him: Butch/Butcher/Butchest. [Morning Star, May 15, 2005] in this example, ambiguity is due to the use of suffixes of comparative and superlative adjectives “ – er” and “ – est” respectively. In addition, the suffix “ – er” can have two different meanings: on the one hand, it is a suffix with which you can form a noun from a verb (“work” - “worker”), and on the other hand, it is a suffix of the comparative degree of a certain number of English adjectives (“fast” - “faster”).
The title ”Poopless pets’ top the list for must-have toys this Christmas” in the newspaper Mail Online" on January 1, 2009 is another example of the function of occasionalism at the word-formation level. The affix " less "gives the noun poop the meaning of deprivation, shortage. Thus, the author of the article is talking about computerized toys-Pets that do not bring trouble to the owners, in comparison with real Pets.
An unusual occasionalism is formed by contamination takes place in the title “Mystery of the cat-Nipper” [Mail Online, Oct 18, 2007]. Combining the word "a kidnapper" and "a cat" is semantically clear and perfectly understandable without context: it is a person who steals of pets from their neighbors, although the last specific details become clear only after reading the article itself.
The technique of contamination is often used by authors in a language, for example, in works of children's literature, in the media, in annotations to films, books, exhibitions, etc. For example: “not referred to education leaders as "educrats" or wielders of "blackboard power” [Saturday Review, April 20,2000]. In this example, the word "educrats" is an example of a blend formed from two words –" education" and "bureaucrats".
The newspaper " Mail Online "[Jul 16, 2009] presents an article about the world's first airlines for animals with a bright title “Where 'pawsengers' come first”. The language game is achieved by contamination "paw” + ” passenger". In this humorous occasionalism you can clearly see a comic effect of the article.
In the following example, the language game is shown on three levels. In the first part of the headline, Who's a VERY clever doggy! Prepare to be bow-wowed as we put Chaser, the world's has the brainiest dog, to the test” - In the second part the author uses onomatopoeia for imitating the dog barking and at the same time, expressions of amazement and joy because of the ability of the dog referred to in the article of the newspaper “Daily Mail” [Jan 1, 2011]. The "to bow-wow" occasionalism with the meaning "to bow in amazement" can be considered as the author's new formation, so the language game is implemented in this example and at the word-formation level.
In the title of the article “Pawtraits of love: the owners who paid hundreds to immortalize their pets for ever” [daily Mail, Feb 12, 2011] you can also see the lexical occasionalism formed by blending (“paw” + “portrait”).