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School of Public Health and Family Medicine
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School of Public Health and Family MedicineResearch Report 2006Director: Professor Rodney Ehrlich School Profile The School of Public Health and Family Medicine has a large research mission. This is evidenced by the fact that about three quarters of the staff establishment of the department are in externally funded research contract posts. Their activities in turn produce a substantial contribution to the university in the form of cost recovery, publication subsidy, supervision of postgraduates and classroom teaching. In striving for a critical mass of researchers in our areas of strength, public health research activities within the department are organised into three university Units (Occupational and Environmental Health Research Unit, Women's Health Research Unit, Health Economics Unit) and one Group, the Infectious Disease Epidemiology Group. There are in addition a Division of Family Medicine with a focus on the application of family medicine principles to public sector health care, and a Programme on Health and Human Rights. As part of the department's advocacy and service mission academic staff produce a number of technical and policy papers which do not necessarily find their way into peer reviewed journals. The department's research output in infectious disease studies, particularly HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and related health systems questions, is notable for its multidisciplinary perspective. Publications cover preparation for HIV vaccine trials; adolescent risk behaviour and educational interventions; economic analysis of tuberculosis and malaria treatment; antiretroviral treatment; the relationship between HIV and cervical cancer; and the psychosocial burden of caregivers of people living with AIDS. The integration of human rights considerations into public health policy and health systems practice receives attention in a number of publications, including experiences of the Deaf and dual loyalties among health professionals. The department continues its pre-eminent role in occupational and environmental health research with investigations into occupational allergy, pesticides, hazardous metals and lung disease due to mineral dust. Finally, the question of equity of resource allocation in health, and particularly in primary health care, continues to occupy researchers in health economics Division of Family Medicine The mission of the Division of Family Medicine (which includes Palliative Medicine) is to graduate excellent doctors who are qualified to practice Family Medicine as well as supporting the Primary Health Care approach and working together with other health professionals in any community setting in South Africa. The following research projects are in progress:
Occupational and Environmental Health Research Unit (OEHRU) The unit undertakes a wide range of research, teaching and policy activities in the field of occupational and environmental health. Its goals are to:
Specific areas of research include health effects of chrome 6 and the nervous system effects of manganese), burden of lung disease in miners, silicosis elimination among workers exposed to silica, biological exposure and medical surveillance systems; compensation for occupational diseases; diagnostic challenges for occupational asthma in developing countries, including early markers of allergic sensitisation and airway inflammation; exposure assessment, allergen characterisation and interventions for occupational allergy and asthma in the seafood, bakery, grain milling and grape farming industries; long term effects of irritant - induced asthma associated with sulphur-dioxide exposures, endocrine disruption caused by commonly used pesticides; the effects of pesticides on women and children; health impacts of industrial air pollution; environmental causes of asthma and COPD; the investigation of suicide in relation to pesticide exposure; ethical issues in occupational health; child labour, interventions to address foetal alcohol syndrome in rural farming populations in the Western Cape and risk perceptions and chemical hazard communication methods and practices. The Unit plays an important role in facilitating research collaboration, research training and capacity development in Southern Africa through the Work and Health in Southern Africa (WAHSA) and Fogarty International Centre / University of Michigan Southern Africa programme in training and research in environmental and occupational health, and is a World Health Organisation Collaborating Centre in Occupational Health. Industrial Health Resource Group (IHRG) Based in the OEHRU, the IHRG is an occupational health and safety research, education, curriculum development, advice, and resource development group that works primarily with trade unions and their members. The IHRG also collaborates locally, nationally, regionally and globally with other labour service organisations, non-governmental organisations, adult educationists, occupational health experts, various academic programmes, and health research institutions. The socially responsive community based participatory research carried out by IHRG is guided by a vision of building the capacity of trade unions and their members to independently enforce, defend, and advance the workplace health and safety rights of workers. The IHRG also plays an important advocacy role within a national, regional and global context of deregulation, outsourcing, and casualisation of labour – trends which enable public and private sector employers to shed responsibility for workplace health and safety. While the IHRG does not often publish in peer review journals, its participatory investigative and capacity building programmes with members of trade unions does involve a significant research component. The IHRG sees its engaged research activity as making a valuable contribution to the creation of a new knowledge base for the development of a rights-based preventive culture of occupational health and safety. During 2006 the community based participatory research activity of IHRG focused on the conditions and experiences of health and safety amongst workers in the public health sector and in the electrical, solid waste, and waste water departments of the City of Cape Town. Alongside this IHRG has continued to facilitate workplace inspections, incident investigations, and risk assessments, and to offer investigative support and a medical referral system for individual workers who are seeking to claim compensation for occupation injuries or illnesses or who are fighting cases of incapacity dismissal. During 2007, the IHRG will be initiating a research and curriculum development programme in the municipal, metal, and construction sectors with funding support from the Department of Labour. During 2006 the research activity of the IHRG has contributed towards the production and distribution of a variety of popular and accessible resources (posters, newsletters, research reports, workshop materials, booklets) for trade unions and their members on issues of occupational health and safety; the education programmes of Cosatu and Ditsela and to academic teaching in the departments of Sociology and Adult Education at the University of Cape Town; the development and documentation of the IHRG methodologies of training, capacity building, participatory research, and reflective planning, monitoring and evaluation practices; and, to the IHRG’s participation in a variety of local, regional, and global health research networks, training workshops and conference activities. Infectious Disease Epidemiology Group Two HIV Prevention trials continue to enrol subjects at the Group’s Clinical Trials site at the Uluntu Centre in Gugulethu. The Microbicide Trial aims to determine the efficacy and safety of a candidate vaginal microbicide Carraguard® in preventing HIV seroconversion in women. The trial will be completed in 2007. A second trial aims to measure the efficacy of twice daily acyclovir suppressive therapy in preventing HIV transmission among heterosexual HIV-discordant couples in which the HIV-infected partner is Herpes Simplex Virus-2 seropositive. Smaller studies are being conducted to evaluate different means of diagnosing sexually transmitted infections as well as the natural history of HPV. Voluntary counselling and testing for HIV for couples is also being piloted at this site. The Clinical Trials site has been selected to be part of the Microbicides Training Network and this should ensure further research at the site. The group is also part of a consortium that is developing easy to implement tools and indicators for measuring and evaluating PMTCT programmes in resource limited settings for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. This research is been conducted in the Western Cape and the Free State as part of a four-country study. The Group continues to support HIV/AIDS activities and conduct research for the provincial and national Departments of Health, including:
The Group continues, together with Médecins Sans Frontières, to evaluate the first public primary care service to provide antiretroviral medication in Khayelitsha. This site is being developed as a sentinel surveillance site as well as a site for operational research on HIV in the Province. Two grants have assisted the Group in consolidating the work around monitoring antiretroviral treatment services. Within the province, the Group is funded by the Global Fund for Aids, Tuberculosis and Malaria to conduct sentinel surveillance of treatment outcomes based on sentinel cohorts. Within the region, the Group is part of an NIH-funded initiative to combine antiretroviral cohort data from various settings. The project, the International Epidemiological Databases to Evaluate Aids (IeDEA) Southern Africa collaboration, combines data from 20 cohorts in Southern Africa. The IDEU in partnership with the University of Berne in Switzerland is responsible for managing this collaboration. The Group is also involved in the estimation of current mortality rates from HIV/AIDS in South Africa using empirical data and mathematical models. A system of Rapid Surveillance of AIDS mortality has been established in collaboration with the Medical Research Council. A surveillance system for birth defects, modelled on the requirements of the International Clearinghouse of Birth Defects Monitoring Systems, is operated by the Group for the Department of Health, in collaboration with various participating hospitals throughout the country. Women’s Health Research Unit (WHRU) The Women’s Health Research Unit (WHRU) is involved in research, teaching, policy development, and advocacy in the area of women’s health, particularly sexual and reproductive health and gender and health issues. The Unit is made up of a multidisciplinary team of researchers with expertise in public health, epidemiology, psychology, sociology and anthropology. The group continues to work closely with the reproductive health and HIV/AIDS directorates at the Department of Provincial Health and collaborates with other academic institutions and NGO’s in reproductive and women’s health. It has advised the National Department of Health on a number of women’s health issues, most recently drawing up draft guidelines for the medical abortion. Research activities for 2006 include:
Health Economics Unit (HEU) The HEU conducts research in health economics and management with an emphasis on equity in health, health sector reform, health care financing and expenditure, pharmaceutical policy and regulation and the economic evaluation of key health care programmes. The HEU tries to maintain a balance between conceptual and applied research as well as between topics of local and international relevance. The research undertaken in 2006 can be summarised to include the following three thematic areas: 1) health systems and health equity research; 2) health financing and 3) health economic analyses of disease-priority areas. The HEU has been extensively involved in research and technical support on the equitable allocation of limited public sector health care resources. Initially, this took the form of consideration of alternative needs-based resource allocation formulae within the health sector. More recently, this has focused on mechanisms for promoting equity within a fiscal federal context, which includes analysing the distribution of material and social deprivation in South Africa and exploring how this could be incorporated into Treasury’s inter-provincial ‘equitable shares’. Recently, the HEU has embarked on a project on “Fiscal Federalism, Equity and Governance in the Financing of Primary Health Care in South Africa”. The aim of this study is to investigate the implications of fiscal federalism on the equitable distribution of primary health care (PHC) resources and mechanisms for promoting equity within a fiscal federal context. The study will provide recommendations on how the South African Government and the National Department of Health can promote the equitable distribution of PHC expenditure across provinces within a fiscal federal context. In the area of health financing, the HEU’s research portfolio has expanded to encompass alternative financing mechanisms. Much of the earlier work in health financing has laid the ground work for a recently initiated 3 year project entitled “Strategies for health insurance for equity in less developed countries” (SHIELD). This is a collaborative project between research institutions from three African and three European countries. It aims to identify the major equity challenges in the health systems of three African countries (Ghana, Tanzania and South Africa) through an understanding of financing and benefit incidence. This information will form the basis for considering alternative approaches to health insurance within these countries as a mechanism for addressing health system equity challenges and contributing to the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals. Combining economic and policy analysis will enable scrutiny of the technical options for policy design and the political acceptability of these options. This project actively involves policy-makers in key aspects of the research and findings will be made available to them at an early stage to maximise the potential for the research to inform health insurance policy development. Whereas in the past the HEU’s disease-specific research was targeted exclusively at infectious diseases (in projects tackling topics as diverse as the cost-effectiveness of public-private partnerships for TB treatment, the economics of alternative treatment regimens for malaria, or the cost-effectiveness of approaches to HIV/AIDS treatment), the unit has now broadened the view of public health priorities to include chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases. The HEU is a member of an international consortium of research groups – the Consortium for Research on Equitable Health Systems (CREHS) – which have come together in a collaborative research programme to increase knowledge on how to strengthen health system policies and interventions which preferentially benefit the poorest, and to help countries address not only the design of policies but also their effective implementation. Health and Human Rights Programme The Health and Human Rights Programme undertakes a range of teaching, research and advocacy with the aim of helping to build a culture of human rights in South Africa, and has extended its work into southern Africa. Research areas include the relationship between health equity and human rights; development of an Implementation Tool for the Patients’ Rights Charter; the rights of the Deaf in the health care system; human rights issues in relation to HIV and the human rights and ethical implications of Dual Loyalties in the health professions. Recent research has begun to explore the role of civil society organisations using human rights approaches to promote health. Much of this research takes place through collaboration with human rights non-governmental organizations, other research and training institutions and human rights activists within and outside South Africa (such as EQUINET, Centre for Health Policy, Physicians for Human Rights) and feeds into practical applications (guidelines, implementation tools, teaching material). Another focus has been research into core competencies in human rights required by health professionals. School Statistics Permanent and long-term contract staff
* includes joint appointments with faculty office Honorary staff
Students
Research Fields and Staff Permanent staff Professor Rodney Ehrlich Director of School/Head of Department; respiratory disease; epidemiology; occupational and environmental health Associate Professor Derek Hellenberg Head of Division of Family Medicine; Family medicine, ethics and law Professor Jonny Myers Director, Occupational and Environmental Health Research Unit: Occupational health; epidemiology Professor Leslie London Associate Director: Occupational and Environmental Health Research Unit: Occupational and environmental health; AIDS prevention and control; primary health care service development; Head: Health and Human Rights programme. Professor Gonda Perez Deputy Dean: joint Faculty-School appointment Associate Professor Diane McIntyre Health economics; health care financing; health expenditure; resource allocation; equity and health Associate Professor Mary-Lou Thompson (part-time) Biostatistics; occupational and environmental health; women’s health Dr David Coetzee Senior Lecturer and Director, Infectious Diseases Epidemiology Group: Prevention and control of communicable diseases; epidemiology; health systems research; health informatics; TB/HIV prevention and treatment Mr Rauf Sayed Senior Biometrician; biostatistical support; birth defects surveillance; mortality and health; health information Dr Graham Bresick Senior Lecturer, Division of Family Medicine; family medicine; quality of care; faith and health Dr Beverley Schweitzer Senior Lecturer, Division of Family Medicine; family medicine Dr Elma de Vries Senior Lecturer, Division of Family Medicine; family medicine; rural medicine Dr Nomsedi Namane Lecturer, Division of Family Medicine; family medicine Ms Johannah Keikelame Lecturer (jointly with Primary Health Care Directorate); primary health care; community needs assessment Mr Gavin Weir Lecturer; primary health care Ms Lorna Olckers Lecturer; primary health care; health sciences education Contract research staff Associate Professor Mohamed Jeebhay Deputy Director, Occupational and Environmental Health Research Unit; occupational allergy and asthma; health of mineworkers and foodworkers; occupational health services; occupational health and safety policy and legislation Dr Liz Gwyther Senior Lecturer (part-time), Division of Family Medicine; palliative medicine Dr Landon Myer Senior Lecturer (part-time); infectious diseases; social epidemiology Dr Jennifer Moodley Senior Specialist and Director, Womens’ Health Research Unit: Women’s health; health systems research; HIV and reproductive health Associate Professor Margaret Hoffman Women’s and reproductive health; community based research/ projects Dr Diane Cooper Senior Lecturer; breast and cervical cancer; contraception; social determinants of women’s health; sexually transmitted illnesses Dr Andrew Boulle Senior Lecturer; HIV; TB; modelling; epidemiology; economics; health information systems Mr David Bourne Chief Research Officer; birth defects surveillance; health informatics; vital statistics Dr Andrea Rother Senior Research Officer; pesticide policy; hazard communication; occupational and environmental health Dr Aqiel Dalvie Senior Research Officer; occupational and environmental health; agrichemicals Dr Jim te Water Naude Chief Research Officer; occupational health surveillance; occupational lung disease Dr Cathy Matthews Chief Research Officer; HIV prevention; health systems research; women’s health Dr Michael Thiede Senior Research Officer and Director; Health Economics Unit; health economics and policy Dr Edina Sinanovic Senior Research Officer; health economics and policy Mr Okore Okorafor Research Officer; health care financing and equity in health; resource allocation Ms Susan Cleary Research Officer; health economics and policy Ms Marianella Castillo Research Officer; economic evaluation; infectious diseases; modelling Ms Vimbayi Mutyambizi Research Officer; health care financing; equity and private sector financing Ms Phyllis Orner Senior Research Officer; women’s health Ms Jane Harries Senior Research Officer; women’s health Ms Debbie Constant Researcher; women’s health Ms Chelsea Morroni Research Officer; women’s health Ms Alana de Kock Research Officer; HIV/sexually transmitted disease prevention Dr Lydia Altini Research Officer; HIV/AIDS prevention Ms Des Michaels Research Officer; HIV; antiretroviral treatment adherence Ms Josephine Nixon Technical Officer; birth defects surveillance Ms Vanessa Daries Research Assistant; women’s health Ms Yolisa Mtshizana Research Assistant; adolescent health Mr Nick Henwood Senior Research Officer and Director, Industrial Health Research Group; occupational health and safety education Ms Zelda Holtman Research Officer; patient rights; neurotoxicity of pesticides Ms Roslyn Baatjies Research Assistant; occupational allergy; occupational asthma in bakers Mr Algernon Africa Research Assistant; pesticide exposure; obsolete pesticides Mr Tembinkosi Qondela Research Assistant; chemical hazards, occupational health and safety Ms Shehaam Brinkhuis Research Assistant; pesticide hazards, occupational health and safety Ms Katherine Hildebrand Honorary Research Officer; HIV; tuberculosis Ms Jackie Thomas Research Assistant; human rights Mr Michael Mzilakazi Research Assistant; pesticide hazards, occupational health and safety Dr Marion Heap Postdoctoral Fellow; health and human rights; human rights; access to healthcare for the deaf who use South African sign language Research Output ARTICLES IN PEER-REVIEWED JOURNALS Adams, S. 2006. Allergies in the workplace: Metals and Allergy. Current Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 19(2): 82-86. Adams, S. 2006. HIV infection in a healthcare worker - a case study. Occupational Health Southern Africa, 12(6): 10-12. Ahmed, N., Flisher, A.J., Mathews, C., Jansen, S., Mukoma, W. and Schaalma, H. 2006. Process evaluation of the teacher training for an AIDS prevention programme. Health Education Research, 21(5): 621-632. Allan, B.R., Marais, D.J., Denny, L.A., Hoffman, M., Shapiro, S. and Williamson, A.-L. 2006. The agreement between cervical abnormalities identified by cytology and detection of high-risk types of human papillomavirus. South African Medical Journal, 96(11): 1186-1190. Badri, M., Cleary, S., Maartens, G., Pitt, J.A., Bekker, L.G., Orrell, C.J. and Wood, R. 2006. When to initiate highly active antiretroviral therapy in sub-Saharan Africa? A South African cost-effectiveness study. Antiviral Therapy, 11: 63-72. Bekker, L.G., Myer, L., Orrell, C.J., Lawn, S.D. and Wood, R. 2006. Rapid scale-up of a community-based HIV treatment service: Programme performance over 3 consecutive years in Guguletu, South Africa. South African Medical Journal, 96(4): 315-320. Boulle, A.M. and Coetzee, D.J. 2006. Anticipating future challenges to ART provision in South Africa: Reflections on the Khayelitsha ART programme. Acta Academica, 1: 1-16. Chuma, J.M., Thiede, M. and Molynew, C.S. 2006. Rethinking the economic costs of malaria at the household level: Evidence from applying a new analytical framework in rural Kenya. Malaria Journal, 5(76): 14. Cleary, S. 2006. Does public opinion influence willingness-to-pay? Lessons from the field. Applied Economics Letters, 13: 821-824. Cleary, S., Cleary, S., Mcintyre, D.E. and Boulle, A.M. 2006. The cost-effectiveness of antiretroviral treatment in Khayelitsha, South Africa - a primary data analysis. Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation, 4: 20. Dalvie, M.A. and Ehrlich, R.I. 2006. Community mercury levels in the vicinity of peri-urban waste disposal sites and fossil fuel burning operations. Environment International, 32(4): 493-9. Dalvie, M.A. and London, L. 2006. The impact of aerial application of organophosphates on the cholinesterase levels of rural residents in the Vaalharts district, Northern Cape Province, South Africa. Environmental Research, 102(3): 326-332. Dalvie, M.A. and Myers, J.E. 2006. The relationship between reproductive outcome measures in DDT exposed malaria vector control workers: A cross-sectional study. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health and Toxicology. [Online] http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=1560382. Dalvie, M.A., Africa, A. and London, L. 2006. Disposal of unwanted pesticides in Stellenbosch, South Africa. Science of the Total Environment, 361(1-3): 8-17. Delany-Moretlwe, S., Gray, G.E., Kagee, A., Myer, L., Puren, A., Ramjee, G., Rees, H., Swartz, L. and Bekker, L.G. 2006. AIDS prevention in South Africa. Southern African Journal of HIV Medicine, 23: 13-17. Draper, C.E., Grobler, L.A., Kilian, A., Micklesfield, L., Lambert, E.V. and Noakes, T.D. 2006. An inventory of the South African fitness industry. South African Journal of Sport Medicine, 18(3): 93-104. Duncan, E.M., Alperstein, M., Mayers, P.M., Olckers, L.L. and Gibbs, T.J. 2006. Not just another multi-professional course! Part 1. Rationale for a transformative curriculum. Medical Teacher, 28(1): 59-63. Flisher, A.J. and Mathews, C. 2006. Rasch Modeling of the structure of health risk behavior in South African adolescents. Journal of Applied Measurement, 7(3): 323-334. Flisher, A.J., Mathews, C., Mukoma, W. and Lombard, C. 2006. Secular trends in risk behaviour of Cape Town grade 8 students. South African Medical Journal, 96(9): 982-987. Govan, V.A., Constant, D.A., Hoffman, M. and Williamson, A.-L. 2006. The allelic distribution of -308 Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha gene polymorphism in South African women with cervical cancer and control women. BMC Cancer, 6: 24. Gwyther, L. 2006. When miracles cease. South African Family Practice, 48(6): 8-9. Heap, M. 2006. Sign-deaf spaces: The deaf in Cape Town creating community, crossing boundaries, constructing identity. Anthropology Southern Africa, 29(1&2): 35-44. Hellenberg, D.A. 2005. Family medicine in South Africa: Where are we now and where do we want to be? European Journal of General Practice, 11(Sep-Dec): 127-130. Hellenberg, D.A. 2006. Addendum to: "Bridging the Gap: Potential for a health care partnership between African Traditional Healers and biomedical personnel". South African Medical Journal, 2(July 2006): 23-32. Hellenberg, D.A. 2006. Assessment and evaluation in medical education. South African Family Practice, 48(1): 5-7. Hellenberg, D.A. 2006. The educational process of giving and receiving. South African Family Practice, 48(2): 5-6. Jaspan, H.B., Berwick, J., Myer, L., Mathews, C., Flisher, A.J., Wood, R. and Bekker, L.G. 2006. Adolescent HIV prevalence, sexual risk, and willingness to participate in HIV vaccine trials. Journal of Adolescent Health, 39(5): 342-648. Jeebhay, M. and Lopata, A.L. 2006. Occupational allergy in the fish processing industry: Towards preventive strategies. Current Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 19(1): 34-37. Khumalo, N.P., Jessop, S.J. and Ehrlich, R.I. 2006. Prevalence of cutaneous adverse effects of hairdressing. Archives of Dermatology, 142: 377-383. Lawn, S.D., Bekker, L.G., Middelkoop, K., Myer, L. and Wood, R. 2006. Impact of HIV infection on the epidemiology of tuberculosis in a peri-urban community in South Africa: The need for age-specific interventions. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 42(7): 1040-7. Lawn, S.D., Myer, L., Bekker, L.G. and Wood, R. 2006. Burden of tuberculosis in an antiretroviral treatment programme in sub-Saharan Africa: Impact on treatment outcomes and implications for tuberculosis control. AIDS, 20(12): 1605-12. Lawn, S.D., Myer, L., Bekker, L.G. and Wood, R. 2006. CD4 cell count recovery among HIV-infected patients with very advanced immunodeficiency commencing antiretroviral treatment in sub-Saharan Africa. BMC Infectious Diseases, 6: 59. Lawn, S.D., Myer, L., Harling, G., Orrell, C., Bekker, L.G. and Wood, R. 2006. Determinants of mortality and nondeath losses from an antiretroviral treatment service in South Africa: Implications for program evaluation. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 43(6): 770-776. Levin, L., Irving, K., Dikgang, M., Isaacs, M., Punwasi, J. and Myer, L. 2006. TB patients' perspectives on integrated TB/HIV services in South Africa. Tropical Doctor, 36(3): 173-175. London, L. 2006. A case for integrating human rights in public health policy. South African Medical Journal, 96(4): 302. London, L. 2006. Taking toxins home. Occupational Health Southern Africa, 12(3): 4-10. London, L. 2006. Workers rights are human rights - new international norms. Occupational Health Southern Africa, 12(6): 13-15. London, L., Dalvie, M.A. and Africa, A. 2006. South African waste study highlights need for prevention work. Pesticide News, 73(3): 14-15. London, L., Rubenstein, L.S., Baldwin-Ragaven, L. and Van Es, A. 2006. Dual loyalty among military health professionals: Human rights and ethics in times of armed conflict. Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics, 15(4): 381-391. Mantell, J., Morar, N., Myer, L. and Ramjee, G. 2006. "We have our protector": Misperceptions of protection against HIV among participants in a microbicide efficacy trial. American Journal of Public Health, 96(6): 1073-7. Mathews, C., Boon, H., Flisher, A.J. and Schaalma, H. 2006. Factors associated with teacher's implementation of HIV/AIDS education in secodary schools in Cape Town, South Africa. AIDS Care, 18: 388 - 397. McIntyre, D.E., Gilson, L., Wadee, H., Thiede, M. and Okorafor, O. 2006. Commercialisation and extreme inequality in health: The policy challenges in South Africa. Journal of International Development, 18(3): 435-446. Micklesfield, L., Levitt, N.S., Dhansay, M.A., Norris, S., Van der Merwe, L. and Lambert, E.V. 2006. Maternal and early life influences on calcaneal ultrasound parameters and metacarpal morphometry in 7- to 9-year-old children. Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism, 24(3): 235-242. Middelkoop, K., Myer, L., Smit, J., Wood, R. and Bekker, L.G. 2006. Design and evaluation of a drama-based intervention to promote voluntary counseling and HIV testing in a South African community. Sexually Transmitted Diseases, 33(8): 524-526. Moodley, J.R., Hoffman, M., Carrara, H., Allan, B.R., Cooper, D.D., Rosenberg, L., Denny, L.A., Shapiro, S. and Williamson, A.-L. 2006. HIV and pre-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions of the cervix in South Africa: a case-control study. BMC Cancer, 6(135): 1-6. Moodley, J.R., Kawonga, M., Bradley, J. and Hoffman, M.T. 2006. Challenges in implementing a cervical screening program in South Africa. Cancer Detection and Prevention, 30: 361-368. Moodley, K., Myer, L., Michaels, D.C. and Cotton, M.F. 2006. Paediatric HIV disclosure in South Africa - caregivers' perspectives on discussing HIV with infected children. South African Medical Journal, 96(3): 201-4. Morroni, C., Myer, L. and Tibazarwa, K. 2006. Knowledge of the abortion legislation among South African women: A cross-sectional study. Reproductive Health, 3: 7. Morroni, C., Myer, L., Moss, M.E. and Hoffman, M. 2006. Preferences between injectable contraceptive methods among South African women. Contraception, 73(6): 598-601. Morroni, C., Tibazarwa, K. and Myer, L. 2005. Combined condom and contraceptive use among South African women. South African Medical Journal, 96(7): 620-622. Myer, L., Denny, L.A., De Souza, M., Wright, T. and Kuhn, L. 2006. Distinguishing the temporal association between women's intravaginal practices and risk of human immunodeficiency virus infection: A prospective study of South African women. American Journal of Epidemiology, 163(6): 552-560. Myer, L., Kuhn, L., Denny, L.A. and Wright, T. 2006. Recurrence of symptomatic bacterial vaginosis 12 months after oral metronidazole therapy in HIV-positive and -negative women. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 194(12): 1797-1799. Myer, L., Moodley, K., Hendricks, F. and Cotton, M.F. 2006. Healthcare providers' perspectives on discussing HIV status with infected children. Journal of Tropical Pediatrics, 52(4): 293-5. Myer, L., Morroni, C. and Cooper, D.D. 2006. Community attitudes towards sexual activity and childbearing by HIV-positive people in South Africa. AIDS Care, 18(7): 772-776. Myer, L., Wright, T., Denny, L.A. and Kuhn, L. 2006. Nested case-control study of cervical mucosal lesions, ectopy, and incident HIV infection amoung women in Cape Town, South Africa. Sexually Transmitted Diseases, 33(11): 683-687. Myers, J.E. 2005. Mercury and thermometers. South African Medical Journal, 95(10): 772-774. Myers, J.E. 2006. The business of health, the health of business. South African Medical Journal, 96(11): 74. Naidoo, N., Jeebhay, M., Robins, G., Myers, J.E., Nogueira, C. and Zeleznik, S. 2006. Addressing the challenges of underdevelopment in occupational and environmental health in Southern Africa. International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health, 12: 392-399. Ngowi, V. and London, L. 2006. Action on pesticides under the programme on Work and Health in Southern Africa (WAHSA). African Newsletter in Occupational Health and Safety, 16(1): 15-19. Nieuwenhuizen, N., Lopata, A.L., Jeebhay, M., De'Broski, H., Robins, T.G. and Brombacher, F. 2006. Exposure to the fish parasite Anisakis causes allergic airway hyperreactivity and dermatitis. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 117(5): 1098-1105. Nieuwenhuizen, N., Lopata, A.L., Jeebhay, M., De'Broski, H., Robins, T.G. and Brombacher, F. 2006. Sensitization to Anisakis simplex: Inhalant versus gastro-allergic Anisakiasis. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 118(4): 968-9. Olckers, L.L., Gibbs, T.J., Mayers, P.M., Alperstein, M. and Duncan, E.M. 2006. Early involvement in a multiprofessional course: An integrated approach to the development of personal and interpersonal skills. Education for Primary Care, 17: 1-9. Orner, P.J. 2006. Psychosocial impact on caregivers of people living with AIDS. AIDS Care – Psychological and Socio-Medical Aspects of AIDS/HIV, 18(3): 236-240. Orner, P.J., Harries, J., Cooper, D.D., Moodley, J.R. and Hoffman, M. 2006. Challenges to microbicide introduction in South Africa. Social Science and Medicine, 63: 968-978. Ramjee, A. 2006. Urinary tract infections in women: Diagnosis and management in primary care. British Medical Journal, 332: 94-97. Schaars, C.F., Meintjes, G., Morroni, C., Post, F.A. and Maartens, G. 2006. Outcome of AIDS-associated cryptococcal meningitis initially treated with 200 mg/day or 400 mg/day of fluconazole. BMC Infectious Diseases, 6(118). [Online]. http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2334/6/118. Selikow, T., Flisher, A.J., Mathews, C. and Ketel, T.J. 2006. Media messaging: A synthesis from the literature to inform HIV/AIDS prevention among young people. Journal of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 18: 61-72. Sinanovic, E. 2005. Water and sanitation policies for improving health in South Africa: Overcoming the institutional legacy of apartheid. Water Policy, 7(6): 627-642. Sinanovic, E. 2006. Costs of measures to control TB/HIV in public primary care facilities in Cape Town, South Africa. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 84(7): 528-536. Sinanovic, E. 2006. Financing and cost-effectiveness analysis of public-private partnerships: Provision of tuberculosis treatment in South Africa. Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation, 4(11): 1-10. Sinanovic, E. 2006. Quality of tuberculosis care provided in different models of public-private partnerships in South Africa. International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, 10(7): 795-801. Sinanovic, E. 2006. Sharing the burden of TB/HIV? Costs and financing of public private partnerships for tuberculosis treatment in South Africa. Tropical Medicine and International Health, 11(9): 1466-1474. Smit, J., Middelkoop, K., Myer, L., Seedat, S., Bekker, L.G. and Stein, D.J. 2006. Willingness to participate in HIV vaccine research in a peri-urban South African community. International Journal of STD and AIDS, 17: 1-5. Smit, J., Middelkoop, K., Myer, L., Seedat, S., Wood, R., Stein, D.J. and Bekker, L.G. 2006. Sexual risk factors associated with volunteering for HIV vaccine research in South Africa. AIDS Care, 18: 569-573. Smit, J., Myer, L., Middelkoop, K., Seedat, S., Wood, R., Bekker, L.G. and Stein, D.J. 2006. Mental health and sexual risk behaviours in a South African township: A community-based cross-sectional study. Public Health, 120(6): 534-42. Tewaternaude, J., Ehrlich, R.I., Churchyard, G., Pemba, L., Dekker, K., Vermeijs, M., White, N.W., Thompson, M.L. and Myers, J.E. 2006. Tuberculosis and silica exposure in South African gold miners. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 63: 187-192. Thiede, M. 2006. "Talk of bulls": A comment on Almeida & Bascolo. Cadernos de Saude Publica / Reports in Public Health, 22(Sup): S23-S24. Thomas, S., Okorafor, O. and Mbatsha, S.A. 2005. Barriers to the equitable funding of primary health care in South Africa. Applied Health Economics and Health Policy, 4(3): 183-190. Thomas, S., Okorafor, O. and Mbatsha, S.A. 2006. Health reform, equity and primary health care: Taking off the make-up. Applied Health Economics and Health Policy, 5(1): 1-4. Thompson, M.L. and Myers, J.E. 2006. Evaluating and interpreting exposure-response relationships (ERRs) for manganese and neurobehavioural outcomes. Neurotoxicology, 27(2): 147-52. Tsouris, S.J., Austin, J., Toro, P., Coetzee, D.J., Weyer, K., Stein, Z. and El-Sadr, W. 2006. Results of a tuberculosis-specific IFN-assay in children at high risk for tuberculosis infection. International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, 10(8): 939-941. Tsouris, S.J., Coetzee, D.J., Toro, P., Austin, J., Stein, Z. and El-Sadr, W. 2006. Sensitivity analysis and potential uses of a novel gamma interferon release assay for diagnosis of tuberculosis. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 44: 2844-2850. Van de Wijgert, J., Altini, L., Jones, H., De Kock, A.E., Young, T., Williamson, A.-.L., Hoosen, A. and Coetzee, N. 2006. Two methods of self-sampling compared to clinician sampling to detect reproductive tract infections in Gugulethu, South Africa. Sexually Transmitted Diseases, 33(8): 516-523. Wilson, D.P.K., Nachega, J.N., Morroni, C., Chaisson, R.E. and Maartens, G. 2006. Diagnosing smear-negative tuberculosis using case definitions and treatment response in HIV-infected adults. International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, 10(1): 31-38. CHAPTERS IN BOOKS Adams, S. 2006. How to assess fitness for driving at work. In B. Mash and J. Blitz-Lindeque (eds), South African family practice manual: 218-225. Pretoria: Van Schaik Publisher. Adams, S. and Jeebhay, M. 2006. How to claim compensation for work-related injuries or diseases. In B. Mash and J. Blitz-Lindeque (eds), South African family practice manual, 2nd Edition: 226-230. Pretoria: Van Schaik Publishers. Heap, M. and Morgans, H. 2006. Language policy and South African sign language: Interpreters in the public service. In B. Watermeyer, L. Swartz., T. Lorenzo., M. Schneider and M. Priestley (eds), Disability and social change: A South African agenda: 134-147. Cape Town South Africa: Human Science Research Council Press. Jithoo, A. and Ehrlich, R.I. 2006. Chronic respiratory diseases in South Africa. In J.M. Fourie, N. Temple and K. Steyn (eds), Chronic diseases of lifestyle in South Africa since 1995-2005: 122-141. Cape Town: Medical Research Council. Schweitzer, B.R. 2006. Management skills in the consultation. In B. Mash (ed.), Handbook of family medicine: 153-195. Cape Town: Oxford. Schweitzer, B.R. 2006. Putting principles into practice. In B. Mash (ed.), Handbook of family medicine: 196-250. Cape Town: Oxford. PUBLISHED CONFERENCE ABSTRACTS Baatjies, R., Meijster, T., Lopata, A.L., Heederik, D. and Jeebhay, M. 2006. Environmental exposure to flour dust among supermarket bakeries in South Africa (abstract 189). XXV Congress of the European Academy of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Vienna, Austria, June 2006. CD-ROM. Bekker, L.G., Middelkoop, K., Myer, L., Lawn, S.D., Grant, A.D., Kaplan, G. and Wood, R. 2006. Undiagnosed culture positive tuberculosis in a periurban community in South Africa. Proceedings of International AIDS Conference, Toronto, Canada, CDB0250. Bekker, L.G., Middelkoop, K., Myer, L., Whitelaw, A.C., Grant, A.D., Kaplan, G., Lawn, S.D. and Wood, R. 2006. Prevalence of HIV and Undiagnosed Tuberculosis in a Peri-urban Community in South Africa. Proceedings of Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, Denver, Colorado, USA, 69. Cleary, S. 2006. When to initiate HAART in Sub-Saharan Africa? A South African cost-effectiveness study. XVI International AIDS Conference, 13-18 August, Toronto, Canada: THEPE012. Flisher, A.J., Myer, L., Marais, P., Lombard, C. and Reddy, P. 2006. Partner violence among Cape Town adolescents. HIV Research Net COnference, Bergen,Norway, 19-20 October 2006. Invited plenary presentaion). Jeebhay, M., Baatjies, R. and Lopata, A.L. 2006. Work-related respiratory allergy associated with storage pests and mites among grain mill workers in South Africa. XXV Congress of the European Academy of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Vienna, Austria, June 2006. CD-rom. Abstract 1154 and Oral Poster. Jeebhay, M., Robins, T., Malo, J.L., Lin, X., Seixas, N., Lehrer, S., Bateman, E.D., Baatjies, R., Miller, M., George, D., Russford, E., Smuts, M. and Lopata, A.L. 2006. Risk factors for occupational allergy and asthma among fish processing workers in South Africa (abstract). Conference on Research on workplace health and safety: from the core to the margins - mini symposium on occupational allergy and asthma among seafood processing workers. Memorial University, St Johns, Newfoundland / Labrador, Canada, June 2006. Abstract and invited speaker. Kilborn, T., Wieselthaler, N., Davidson, A., Pitcher, R. and Furlan, G. 2006. The imaging appearances of HIV associated Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in paediatrics. Proceedings of International Society of Paediatric Radiology Congress, Montreal, 89. ISBN 0301-0449. Lawn, S.D., Myer, L., Bekker, L.G. and Wood, R. 2006. Prevalence and incidence of tuberculosis in an antiretroviral treatment (ART) programme in South Africa: risk factors and impact on ART outcomes. Proceedings of International AIDS Conference, Toronto, Canada, MOPE0175. Lawn, S.D., Myer, L., Harling, G., Orrell, C., Bekker, L.G. and Wood, R. 2006. Evaluation of mortality and other programme losses in a community-based antiretroviral programme in South Africa. Proceedings of International AIDS Conference, Toronto, Canada, THPE0191. Middelkoop, K., Myer, L., Mthimunye, S., Smit, J., Wood, R. and Bekker, L.G. 2006. High HIV incidence and retention rates within an HIV vaccine preparedness cohort in Cape Town, South Africa. Proceedings of International AIDS Conference, Toronto, Canada, MOPE0423. Mohammed, A., Myer, L., Ehrlich, R.I., Wood, R., Cilliers, F. and Maartens, G. 2006. Randomized controlled trial of isoniazid preventive therapy, administered by patient-nominated supervisors, in advanced HIV disease. Proceedings of International AIDS Conference, Toronto, Canada, MOPE0185. Myer, L., Denny, L.A., Wright, T. and Kuhn, L. 2006. Hormonal contraception and risk of incident HIV infection among South African women: a prospective study. Proceedings of International AIDS Conference, Toronto, Canada, MOPE0339. Nieuwenhuizen, N., Herbert, D., Jeebhay, M., Brombacher, F. and Lopata, A.L. 2006. Mechanisms of Anisakis-induced contact dermatitis and associated systemic sensitisation (abstract 1438). Proceedings of XXV Congress of the European Academy of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Vienna, Austria, June 2006. CD-ROM. Nieuwenhuizen, N., Herbert, D.T., Jeebhay, M., Brombacher, F. and Lopata, A.L. 2006. Mechanisms of Anisakis-induced contact dermatitis and associated systemic sensitisation (oral poster). XXV Congress of the European Academy of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Vienna, Austria, June 2006. Pienaar, D., Myer, L., Coetzee, D.J. and Boulle, A.M. 2006. Nurses versus doctors: provider roles in scaling-up ARV services in resource-limited settings. Proceedings of International AIDS Conference, Toronto, Canada, CDB0570. Pienaar, D., Myer, L., Coetzee, D.J., Michaels, D.C. and Boulle, A.M. 2006. Impact of the model of care on antiretroviral adherence. Proceedings of International AIDS Conference, Toronto, Canada, TUPE0109. Raulf-Heimsoth, M., Jappe, U., Rihs, H.P., Lopata, A.L., Jeebhay, M., Arif, S.A.M., Yeang, H.Y. and Bruning, T.h. 2006. Differentiation between true latex allergy and asymptomatic IgE reactivity using carbohydrate determinants (abstract 213). Proceedings of XXV Congress of the European Academy of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Vienna, Austria, June 2006. CD-ROM. Roland, R., Myer, L., Chuunga, R., Martin, L.J., Maw, A., Coates, T. and Denny, L.A. 2006. Post-exposure prophylaxis following sexual assault in Cape Town: adherence and HIV risk behavior. Proceedings of International AIDS Conference, Toronto, Canada, MOPDC03. THESES AND DISSERTATIONS PASSED FOR HIGHER DEGREES Araoyinbo, I.D. 2006. A comparative study of cost and quality of care of malaria treatment in public and private health facilities in Nigeria: 1 – 200. MM012 (Health Economics), University of Cape Town. Bresick, G. 2005. A study of continuity in Cape Town community health centres: 1-100. MEDM12, University of Cape Town. Chanda, P.2006. Cost and cost-effectiveness analysis of the available strategies for diagnosing malaria in outpatients clinics in Zambia: 1 – 200. MM012 (Health Economics), University of Cape Town Chandiwana, S.D. 2006. The economic burden of ‘malaria’ morbidity on households in Mtoko district of North-Eastern Zimbabwe: 1 – 205. MM012 (Health Economics), University of Cape Town Chansa, C. 2006. A critical evaluation of the sector wide approach (SWAp) in the health sector in Zambia: 1-200. MM012 (Health Economics), University of Cape Town. Daniels, K. 2006. An analysis of the utilization of research information in policy-making and guidelines for the use of magnesium sulphate in the treatment of Eclampsia and Pre-Eclampsia in SA: 1- 100. MM012 (General), University of Cape Town. Danso, A.C. 2006. Critical evaluation of the role of community based health insurance schemes in extending health care coverage to the informal sector in Ghana: 1-200. MM012 (Health Economics), University of Cape Town Doolan, K.E. 2006. A quantitative analysis of socioeconomic position and the occurrence of violence in South Africa: 1-100. MM012 (General), University of Cape Town. Hani, A.P. 2006. The provision and use of contraception amongst antenatal and postpartum women in a rural area of the Eastern Cape: 1-100, MM012 (General), University of Cape Town. Harling, G. 2006. The social epidemiology of tuberculosis in South Africa: A multilevel analysis: 1 – 74, MM012 (Epidemiology), University of Cape Town. Kaliki, C. 2006. An analysis of expenditure on HIV/AIDS patients in Zambia: 1-200, MM012 (Health Economics), University of Cape Town. Kevany, S.J.N. 2006. An economic evaluation of the impact of widespread anti retroviral treatment on secondary hospitals in South Africa: 1- 110, MM012 (Health Economics), University of Cape Town. Kikule, K. 2006. Review of drug financing and expenditure in Uganda: Sustainability and improved access to essential medicine: 1-225, MM012 (Health Economics), University of Cape Town. Kiracho, E. 2006 Equity in the allocation of Primary Health Care resources in Uganda: 1-200, MM012 (Health Economics), University of Cape Town. Koech, J.C. 2006. Nutrition counselling to improve clinical outcomes in people infected with HIV: 1 – 100, MM012 (General), University of Cape Town. Kyomuhangi, R. 2006. Benefit incidence analysis of antiretroviral drugs in Uganda: 1- 200, MM012 (Health Economics), University of Cape Town. Mazaza, N. 2006. Urban African Traditional Healers - Their understanding and beliefs of biomedical diseases: 68. M Phil (Fam Med), UCT. Monyeki, K.D. 2006. The association of fat patterning with blood pressure in rural South African children: The Ellisras Longitudinal Growth and Health Study: 1-100, MM012 (General), University of Cape Town. Mutsago, B. 2006. Indicators of diabetic (type 2) care: A pilot study in the Cape Town Metropole: 1-100, MM012(General), University of Cape Town. Naidoo, P. 2006. Exploring tuberculosis (TB) patients’ adherence to treatment regimens and prevention programmes as a public health site: 1-100 (General), University of Cape Town. Ngcobo, R. 2006. Nursing staff absenteeism at Red Cross Children’s Hospital and its financial implications: 1-100, MM012 (General), University of Cape Town. Olubajo, O.O. 2006. Resource allocation for primary health care in the local government areas of Ekiti State, Nigeria: How equitable?: 1-200, MM012 (Health Economics), University of Cape Town. Rodrigues, S.D. 2006. Management of Cancer Pain: Knowledge and Attitudes of Health Care Professionals. M Phil (Palliative Medicine), UCT. Sabi, W. 2006. Mandatory community based health insurance in Ghana: Prospects and challenges: 1 – 200, MM012 (Health Economics), University of Cape Town. UNIVERSITY PUBLICATIONS AND WORKS OF A POPULAR NATURE Jeebhay, M. 2006. Hidden allergens in flour dust causes baker's asthma. The Baker Magazine 10 (4): 13-16 Jeebhay, M. 2006. Managing individuals with Baker’s Asthma. The Baker Magazine 10 (6): 38-40 Jeebhay, M., Baatjies, R. and Terrazas, N. 2006. Strategies for preventing Bakers Asthma. The Baker Magazine 10 (5): 10-12 London, L. and Baldwin-Ragaven, L. 2006. Human Rights Obligations in Health Care. CME, 24(1): 20-24. Morroni, C., Buga, G. and Myer, L. 2006. Understanding aspects of the Termination of Pregnancy Legislation. CME, 24(1): 37-38. Ramjee, A. 2006. What is mind-body medicine. CME, 24(8): 450-451. Schweitzer, B. 2006. Medically unexplained symptoms. CME, 24(8): 441-444. EXTENSION AND DEVELOPMENT WORK Adams, S., Schmidt, G. and Jeebhay, M. 2006. Quartely WCPMAP Report of activities for the period 1 Jan 2006 - 31 Mar 2006. Western Cape Provincial Medical Advisory Panel. PMAP, UCT. Adams, S., Schmidt, G. and Jeebhay, M. 2006. Quartely WCPMAP Report of activities for the period 1 October 2005 - 31 Dec 2005. Western Cape Provincial Medical Advisory Panel. UCT. Jeebhay, M. 2006. The future role of Provincial Medical Advisory Panels. Western Cape Provincial Medical Advisory Panel. PMAP, UCT. Michaels, D.C., Eley, B.S., Ndhlovu, L. and Rutenberg, N. 2006. Exploring Current Practices in Pediatric ARV Rollout and Integration with Early Childhood Programs in South Africa: A Rapid Situation Analysis. Horizons Program. Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town. Pienaar, D., Myer, L., Cleary, S., Coetzee, D.J., Schneider, H. and Boulle, A.M. 2006. Models of Care for Antiretroviral Service Delivery in the Western Cape. Submitted to Provincial Administration of the Western Cape HIV/AIDS & TB Directorate, May 2006. Shung King, M., McIntyre, D.E. and Jacobs, M. 2005. Healing inequality: targeting health care for children. In: Leatt A & Rosa S (eds) Towards a Means to Live: Targeting poverty alleviation to make children's rights real. [CD-ROM]. Consultancy and other activities based on expertise developed in research Flisher, A.J., Wolf, Z.N., Selikow, T.-A., Ketye, T.J., Petorius, L. and Mathews, C. 2006. Process evaluation of selected AIDS prevention interventions in high schools in th eWestern Cape. Cape Town: Iniversity of Cape Town, 2006. Hellenberg, D.A. 2006. International visiting scholar to American Academy of Family Physicians Annual Conference in San Francisco, May 2006. Mathews, C., Guttmacher, S., Flisher, A.J., Mtshizana, Y.Y.Y., Nelson, T., McCarthy, J., Daries, V. and Gribble, P. 2006. The quality of HIV voluntary counselling and testing for adolescents in Cape Town, South Africa. Cape Town : Medical Research Council 2006. Selikow, T., Flisher, A.J., Mathews, C. and Ketye, T.J. 2006. HIV/AIDS prevention messaging for young people in the Western Cape. Cape Town: University of Cape Town 2006. Yüklə 1,64 Mb. Dostları ilə paylaş:
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