Content
Project Contemporary Villages in Romania: Openings towards Europe. Applied Study to Cluj County
METHODOLOGY
Eleonora SAVA
A first moment in ethnologic reflection
KESZEG Vilmos
Collective memory in the villages Savadisla and Vlaha
VIAŢA SOCIALĂ
POZSONY Ferenc
Ethno-sociological research in the villages affected by the highway Transylvania
Ion CUCEU
Traditional rituals in the villages Hasdate and Vălisoara
Maria CANDALE
Children ritual-ceremonial roles in the village Hăşdate
Mircea CÎMPEANU
Research of the musical folklore in the villages Hăşdate, Săvădisla, Vlaha and Valisoara
Silvestru PETAC
Ethno-choreology research in the village Hasdate
TÖTSZEGI Tekla
Problems of costume research. Tendencies in costume change during the 20th century in the villages Savadisla and Vlaha
FODOR Attila
Research of the collective memory - the church
VIAŢA ECONOMICĂ
Ioan Augustin GOIA
Tendencies in the economic life of the village Hăşdate between 1930–2008
Ioan TOŞA
Some aspects regarding the material traditional culture of the village Vălişoara
Laura TROŞAN
Sowing of the wheat - threshold moment in the folk agricultural calendar. Case study: the village Hăşdate
Anca MOCAN
Aspects of the urban food in the village Hăşdate
Cristian MICU
The smith shop in Hăşdate
Cosmina-Maria BERINDEI
Politics of community development in the commune Săvădisla
Content
Project Contemporary Villages in Romania: Openings towards Europe. Applied Study to Cluj County
Pictures
Project Contemporary Villages in Romania: Openings towards Europe. Applied Study to Cluj County
The project initiated by the Ethnographical Museum of Transylvania and financed by AFCN started from the premises that finishing up the construction of highway Brasov-Bors will mean the connection of the Cluj County’s villages to the European economic space but. However, by intersecting their boundaries, it will sometimes affect their economic and social life and even their inner structure. We assumed that both the opportunities created in such way and the inherent disadvantages associated with it would generate a process of social, economic and cultural re-configuration in those villages, a process during which the traditional cultural patrimony will be undermined by immediate and extreme stress. The imminent disappearance of the old generation, owner of some important information concerning the rural way of life and the unfolding demographic dislocation, with major consequences on the community's life, further justified the beginning of emergency ethnological research.
In the present case, our project proposed to research four villages limited by the highway, situated in Cluj County on the county road 107 M Luna de Sus-Buru. The four villages were selected because they have proved in time different development paradigms: Hasdate remained conservative and has never been collectivized; Valisoara kept its economic inter-war prosperity even after the collectivization; Savadisla was developed from the position of an old administrative center and headquarter of noble court; and Vlaha was marked by its position along the main way of communication in the area. The early urban elements present in the last two villages (starting with 1900) and their actual implications for the rural tourism made their inclusion in the research area more exciting.
The idea of the project was not new, our proposal being lined-up with the programs already financed by AFCN in the last years, under the same title. The diachronic research of some rural community’s neighbored structures, that are very clearly outlined and co-exist in a limited space, offered us the opportunity to finely reproduce the process of the re-configuration of the economic and cultural rural space during the last century.
As main objectives, the project proposes to research, identify, and record the elements of the cultural material and immaterial patrimony in the four villages. Also, the project intends the creation of a digital data basis containing the gathered information, the salvage by acquisition of some significant artifacts, the documentation of the social, economic, and cultural re-configurations, the awareness of the local communities concerning the own cultural heritage and its identity values, and the development of the management ability of the participant institutions.
The approached theme included three different modules. The first module referred to the economic life (ways of organizing the community habitat, the structures and roles of the rural household, the occupations, and the rural architecture). The second module referred to the social life (the institutions and symbolic community spaces, the urban family’s life, the system of relationships and inheritance, the associative behavior with economic substratum, community family, and individual memory, the traditional folk costume as a mark of the local and regional identity, the customs over the year, the rites of passing, and the folklore). The third module focused on the inter-ethnic and inter-confessional relationships at the community and family level.
The research started with a bibliographic and archive research, but the project was focused on the investigation of the realities in the field by research methods such as participative observation, structured and semi structured interviews, re-compositions, and analysis of the visual documents. The storage of the information was done on audio support - in analogue or digital system – and on video support. The diachronic approach was a first-degree objective in researching the field reality.
Very rich field materials were collected from the fours village after 424 days of field research conducted by 41 researchers and students involved in the project. This included over 5.000 digital photos, over 100 archive photos scanned, over 200 hours of audio interviews, and over 20 hours of recorded videos. A digital archive has been created covering a large thematic domain regarding both material and immaterial cultural patrimony.
The present volume intended to outline only a few topics approached during the research due to the long time necessary to analyze the collected materials that are very rich in valuable scientific information. The final materials will be included in a volume that will be published in 2009.
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