Six characteristics of research

41. Aphasiology - is the study of 
language 
impairment usually resulting from 
brain
 
damage, 
due to 
neurovascular accident—hemorrhage, stroke—or associated with a variety of neurodegenerative diseases, including 
different types of 
dementia
. It is also the name of a 
scientific journal 
covering the area. These specific language 
deficits, termed 
aphasias
, may be defined as impairments of language production or comprehension that cannot be 
attributed to trivial causes such as 
deafness 
or oral 
paralysis. 
A number of aphasias have been described, but two are 
best known: 
expressive aphasia 
(Broca's aphasia) and 
receptive aphasia 
(Wernicke's or sensory aphasia). 
42. Oligophrenic pedagogy - Studies conducted in the field of teaching and education of preschool children 
with serious intellectual impairments 
43. Glossematic - is a 
structuralist linguistic 
theory proposed by 
Louis
 
Hjelmslev 
and 
Hans Jørgen Uldall 
although the two ultimately went separate ways each with their own approach. Hjelmslev’s theory, most notably, is 
an early 
mathematical methodology for the analysis of language which was subsequently incorporated into the analytical 
foundation of current models of 
functional—
 
structural grammar 
such as 
Danish Functional Grammar, Functional 
Discourse
 
Grammar 
and 
Systemic Functional Linguistics. 
Hjelmslev’s theory likewise remains fundamental for 
modern 
semiotics
. 
44. When carrying out any scientific work, it is necessary to understand how to select material and study it, what 
sequence actions must be performed, what techniques to take. The way of conducting research, a set of techniques 
and actions aimed at solving a specific problem, which is called the method.