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servatam, in ecclesiis nostris retinendam, nee sine authoritate Ecclesiae Catholicae immutandam esse censemus.
rium, quod instituit in ultima ccena, et a fidelibus sumi 74 MEMORIALS ECCLESIASTICAL CHAP, mandavit, corpus suum esse quod pro nobis traderetur, de- finivit, nos illud non solum panem esse, nee corpus Christi Anno 1553. cum pane, aut in pane, esse credimus, nisi velimus panem vitse appellare, qui de coelo descendit. Et cum modus illic existendi sit per transubstantiationem et transitionem sub- stantiae panis et vini in substantiam Dominici corporis et sanguinis, remanentibus interim ob nostram infirmitatem et mysterii significationem panis et vini accidentibus ; Ecclesiae pastores in Laterano [concilio] legitime congregati antiquam fidei Catholicae veritatem novo transubstantiationis vocabulo apte expresserunt ; quemadmodum patres Niceni Filium ejusdem cum Patre substantia? esse novo consubstantialis vocabulo declararunt. De adoratione Eucharistia et reservatione. Quoniam in Eucharistia verum Christi corpus et verum sanguinem, totumque adeo Christum esse confitemur, quo- modo eum non adorabimus, qui neutiquam apud Christianos, nee sine adoratione fuit, nee esse debuit? Et cum semel consecratum hoc sacramentum in usum infirmorum, ne sine communione discedant, (quod ex vetustissimis authoribus et conciliis constat antiquitus fieri consuevisse,) manet tamen, quamdiu incorrupte supersunt species, sacramentum et cor- pus et sanguis Domini donee sumatur.
quibus, et pro quibus, et cui qfferendum. Sanctam et vivificatricem et incruentam oblationem in ecclesiis celebramus, non unius nos hominisque com- munis corpus quod ofFertur esse credentes, sed proprium factum omnia vivificantis verbi, simul medicamentum ad sanandas infirmitates, et holocaustum ad purgandas ini- quitates existens ; considerantes situm esse in mensa sancta Agnum Dei, qui tollit peccatum mundi, qui a sacerdotibus sacrificatur sine cruoris effusione. Quam Novi Testamenti novam oblationem a Christo institutam et doctam, Ecclesia ab Apostolis accipiens in universo mundo offert non an- gelis, aut martyribus, aut cuique sanctae animae, (ita enim,
UNDER QUEEN MARY I. 75 quum obligatio sacrificii ad latriae cultum pertineat, idolo- CHAP, latria esset,) sed soli Deo Patri, Filio et Spiritui Sancto, ' quamvis apud memorias martyrum, et in eorum memoria, Anno 1553. ut ipsi orent pro nobis, sacrificet, non pro hiis qui non sunt Christo incorporati, sed pro eis qui membra Christi sunt, pro tota Ecclesia, pro regibus, pro sacerdotibus, pro absen- tibus et praesentibus, pro defunctorum in Christo spiritibus ; 49 ut eorum peccatis propitius fiat Deus ; pro plenitudine, pro ubertate, pro universi orbis fructibus, pro pace, et felici re- rum statu, pro populi peccatis et ignorantiis, pro salute sua, et quotidiana fragilitatis suae reparatione; sciens quod tali hostia delectatur Dominus, et peccata dimittit ingentia.
questions to be disputed on at Oxford, by some members of thence to be the same, and others, of both Universities, against Archbi- dls P uted at
thither on purpose. These questions, as they are in the foresaid MS. set down, are :
lati, praesens est, sub speciebus panis et vini, realiter verum et naturale corpus Christi, quod ex virgine na- tum est: item et naturalis ejus sanguis. Post consecrationem non remanet substantia panis, neque ulla alia substantia, praeter substantiam Christi, Dei et hominis. In missa est vivificum Ecclesiae sacrificium pro peccatis, turn mortuorum, quam vivorum propitiabile. To which was added a fourth, which yet was not dis- puted on : viz.
rare in his quae sunt fidei ; neque generalia concilia eandem Ecclesiam representantia. Observation was made by some, with what loftiness theTheBishops Bishops, as many as then were in Convocation, (which were^ 1 ^ l to not above seven or eight,) did carry it towards the Lower the inferior House. For whensoever they were present, the rest of the Clergy were standing and uncovered, how long soever it 76 MEMORIALS ECCLESIASTICAL CHAP. were. Which Dr. William Turner, Dean of Wells, (and perhaps then one of the synod,) after the way of those Anno 1553. times described it. " If ye saw them, [the Bishops,] how Physic* " slavely and bondly they handle the rest of the Clergy in " their Convocation house, ye would say, they were the " Pope's right shapen sons. For whereas there sitteth but " seven or eight linen-wearing Bishops at the table in the " Convocation house, if there be threescore pastors and " elders, they are wool-wearers, [he meaneth, like so many " meek sheep.] As long as they tarry in the Bishops 1 Con- " vocation house, so long must they stand before their " lords, though it be two or three hours; yea, and, be the " weather never so cold, or the men never so sickly, bare- " headed." The Con- On the 13th of December, the Queen sent her mandate dissolved. to Bonner, Bishop of London, forthwith to dissolve and break up this Convocation, and to signify to the Bishops, and the rest of the Clergy, this her pleasure.
50 CHAP. V. Many taken up. Proceedings for religion in London, in Cambridge, and in Oxford. The Parliament's second sessions. The return of the Popish religion and worship. Bishop Ridley's leases. Ambassadors from the Emperor. it soon ap- J. HE Gospellers saw already what they were to expect was'to be* ^ rom ^ s Queen. When she came first to the crown, some expected had indeed entertained great hopes that she would not Mary. overthrow the religion, from the promises she made to those of Norfolk and Suffolk. And when she was declared Queen at Oxford, the noblemen persuaded the University of the same. But what a severe reign this was like to prove, ap- peared by some of her first manifestations of herself among her subjects. For no sooner was she proclaimed, but abundance of people were taken up, and brought before the Council, and by them committed to prison : not only
UNDER QUEEN MARY I. 77 all that were in Queen Jane's business, but also that were CHAP, suspected of any inclination to the Gospel, or that had shewn any dislike of the present affairs, being fetched in Anno 1553. upon some pretence or other.
some others mentioned before) were committed, one to the preacners Marshalsea, and the other to the Counter, only for speak- taken up. ing certain words against Bourn's sermon at Paul's Cross : who therein had so indecently inveighed against good King Edward (who was so dear unto the people) and his proceedings, which they so much approved, that a dagger was thrown at him while he was preaching. In the same month, Fisher, parson of Amersham, was brought up by the High Sheriff to the Council, for a sermon he preached. Bradford, Veron, minister of Ludgate, and Becon, eminent preachers, were taken up, and put into the Tower. Rogers, reader of St. Paul's, confined a prisoner to his house. John Melvin, a Scot, and preacher, sent to Newgate. Sy- monds, vicar of St. Michael's in Coventry, sent for up to the Council, for something in his sermon against the Queen's proceedings: and Hugh Saunders, of the same city, for the same cause. Coverdale, Bishop of Exon, and Hooper, Bishop of Worcester, sent for to the Council, and committed. Dr. Cox, King Edward's tutor, and Chancellor of Oxon, committed to the Marshalsea. All this happened in the month of August. In the month of September, fa- ther Latymer was committed to the Tower, besides Cranmer Archbishop of Canterbury, and Ridley Bishop of London ; and many more, both of the laity and the clergy. And, in October, the Archbishop of York. What was further done in London, in favour and coun- tenance to the Popish religion, in order to the introducing it, and extirpation of the Gospel, may be understood by what follows. The Parliament sitting, and the town being full, care Preaching was taken to put up men of the greatest vogue, to preach c r0S s U S the Paul's Cross sermons. The 15th day, Dr. White, Warden of Winchester, preached there. The Sunday fol- 78
MEMORIALS ECCLESIASTICAL
CHAP.
V. Dr. Feck nam preaches much. lowing, the 22d clay, Dr. Weston, Dean of Westminster. And while these sermons were preaching, were great bars Anno 1553. set up at every gate in Paul's churchyard, to prevent the * * breaking in of horses and great throngs of people, for fear of disturbance while the sermons were preaching. Fecknam was one of the great preachers in these times ; and on Sunday, Nov. 5, he preached twice ; in the forenoon at St. Mary Overy's, by the command, as it seems, of Win- chester, Lord Chancellor, where were present a great and splendid auditory; and among the rest the Earl of De- vonshire, (with whom, I perceive, great care was taken to make him a good Catholic,) Sir Anthony Brown, (he that was after Lord Mountague,) Judge Morgan, and divers other noblemen. And, in the afternoon, at St. Stephen's, Walbrook, (where Fecknam seems to have been incum- bent,) where also were present several men of rank and eminency, as Sir Anthony Brown the Judge, Sir Rowland Hill, Sir Richard Dobbs, Sir John York, Aldermen of London. This seems to have been some great joyous day ; and, as I conjecture, it was for the Parliament's having established the Popish religion, and rescinded all the acts made for religion under King; Edward. But at this sermon of Fecknam, this afternoon, great displeasure was taken by many that heard it : which caused some disturbance. So that several were taken up, and sent, some to the Mayor, and some to the Counter. On the Sunday sevennight after, being the 19th, the said Fecknam preached again at Wal- brook, with great applause; insomuch, that the journal- writer of these days and transactions said, " that it was the goodliest sermon that ever was heard." The subject thereof that the blessed sacrament was changed into the real body and blood of Christ after the words of consecration.
men belonging to St. Paul's went a procession about Paul's steeple with five hundred great lights, and with St. Katha- rine carried with them, and much singing. It continued about half an hour. And when all was done, about six of the clock, all the bells of St. Paul's were rung. Vitellius, F.5.
Procession on St. Ka- tharine's day.
was
UNDER QUEEN MARY I. 79
Paul's Cross. The subject of whose sermon was in favour ' of processions, and that we ought to have them. Anno 1553. On the same day, viz. Nov. 26, was a goodly herse for ^ ! * e at the late King Edward, hung with cloth of tissue, and across. cross, and a pax, silver candlesticks, and thirteen beadmen Kin f, Ed ~
and the mass of the morrow, accompanied with great ring- ing.
sermon at St. Paul's, with applause. After was a proces- Andrew's sion about the church in Latin, with an Ora pro nobis. da y- And the morrow after, another sermon preached by Mr. Harpsfield, and procession, with the old Latin form. And a procession again Wednesday after : and the like enjoined to be observed throughout England.
when all was done, Bonner, the Bishop, gave out an injunc-B isho of tion, that every parish-church throughout London should London - provide a cross, a staff, and a cope, for to go on procession every Sunday, Wednesday, and Friday, to pray unto God for fair weather. Decemb. 9- a man was set on the pillory in Cheap, for 52 seditious words against the Queen's Grace and her Council. 9 ne , pill °" . nzed. A day or two after the ending of the Parliament, a pro- ^ pro . clamation came forth, published through London and the clamation whole kingdom, that, according to the purport of a late act p op ish of Parliament, no man should sing the English service, or usages# Communion, after the 20th of December : and that no mi- nister that had a wife, should minister, nor say mass. And that every parish should make an altar, and have a cross and staff, and all other things necessary for mass and pro- cession, as holy bread, holy water, palms and ashes.
know (whatever interest they imagined to have in the ^"^J^ Queen, on the account of their good merits towards her) that they must not expect any indulgence, one Thomas Cobb of that county, who had brought a supplication and
80 MEMORIALS ECCLESIASTICAL CHAP, writing to her in parchment, signed and sealed by an hun- dred inhabitants there, and above, had his judgment in the Anno 1 553. Star-chamber, Nov. 24, to be set on the pillory in London and in Norfolk ; on pretence that he had devised and forged the said supplication. But to step a little backward. Proceedings King Edward's laws were still in force for the use of the bridge" 1 " Communion Book, being not, as yet, repealed by Parlia- ment. But the Queen and her officers proceeded without any regard thereof, for the overthrow of the Reformation. I will instance in the doings of the Vice-Chancellor of her University of Cambridge, and of an Archdeacon in the dio- Young, cese of Ely. John Young, (he that had made himself fa- ce'iior. ian " mous for contesting with Martin Bucer in the former reign,) as a fit man for the purpose, was made Vice-Chancellor this year, and Master of Pembroke hall. Where I find (and by his means, I suppose,) the mass begun early to be said, namely, in September. About which time, trouble came to one Mr. Garth, of Peter house, because he would not suf- fer a boy of his house to assist in saying mass in Pembroke hall. Discharges One Mr. Pierson, who had the cure of a parish in the one Pierson t own f Cambridge, continued to do as he used before, that cure. is, to administer the communion in his church, receiving thereunto persons of other parishes : and being ordered to say mass, refused it. For this, on the 3d of October, the Vice-Chancellor admonished him, and within two days discharged him from ministering in his cure any more. Puts out Another thing this Vice-Chancellor did was, the displac-
hall. coming there in person, and thrusting in one Swinburn in his room, by virtue of letters from Bishop Gardiner, Lord Chancellor, and Chancellor of the University. And that only because he was married : though that was no more than what was by law allowed. This was done Octob. 26. Cosin, Mas- The said Gardiner wrote a short letter to the societv of tharine *~ Katharine hall, recommending Mr. Cosin to be chosen their hail. Master, in the room of Dr. Sandes, because he was married.
UNDER QUEEN MARY I. 81 Octob. 28. the whole Popish service, in Latin, was ce- CHAP, lebrated in King's college, by some zealous men of the. house; though contrary to the laws then in force. Ann0 1553 * There was one Bovel of this University, who being, I Po P lsh ser - J ' to ' vice in suppose, to take a degree, or perhaps upon some other ac- King's col- count should have, according; to the laws, sworn to the su- ege " . _ , ' . & . . ' . , „_ The oath of premacy 01 tlie Queen, and renounced the Bishop of Rome, supremacy But to him the Vice-Chancellor would not administer these waved - oaths. Whereat one Thrackhold charged the Vice-Chan- cellor for acting contrary to law. But, on the other hand, he was of the Vice-Chancellor sharply reproved and threat- ened. And that was all he got for his labour. This hap- pened the last of October.
vemb. 3. before the Vice-Chancellor, who commanded him churc '* to minister so no more, saying, that he would have one uni- form order of service throughout the town, and that in La- tin, with mass. And this order was established Nov. 12, though the Parliament appointed, that the old form and order of service should begin but Decemb. 20. next ensu- ing. So forward was that University become ; and so soon was the impression of the good precepts of Bucer, and other learned men there, worn off. Novemb. 6. one Pollard preached at St. Michael's, and 0ne , • j, preaches in his sermon spake for purgatory. in favour of This for the University of Cambridge: now as to the purgatory ' The Arch- COUllty, the Archdeacon visited by his official : and at deacon vi- Hinton, Nov. 28, gave charge to present all such as did sits " disturb the Queen's proceedings ; that is, either by letting the Latin service, or opposing the setting up of altars, or saying of mass. Thus were men required to do contrary to laws, and threatened to be punished for observing them. Would we know now something of what was done a t Magdale ? COli£i£6 vi- the other University of Oxon about this time ? Bishop sited by Bi- Gardiner took upon him, as Bishop of Winchester, to visit d ^ e p r Gar " Magdalen college : partly, I suppose, to restore Dr. Owen Oglethorp, the President, who in the former reign was VOL. in. g
82 MEMORIALS ECCLESIASTICAL CHAP, outed, and Dr. Walter Haddon placed in his room; and .partly, and chiefly, to purge that college, which, of all the Anu0 1553 -rest in that University, seemed most addicted to the Gos- pel. The issue, in short, of this visitation was, that four- teen or fifteen of the house were turned out ; and that be- fore any papal laws were yet in force. Some of them were these that follow: Dr. Haddon, the President; Dr. Law- rence Humfrey, afterward President, and Public Professor of Divinity ; Thomas Bentham, Thomas Bickley, both after- wards Bishops ; the latter of whom, before Oglethorp the President, and many others that were assembled to even prayer, took the wafer from the altar out of the pix, and broke it to pieces with his hand, and stamped it under his feet. This he did before the public abolition of Papism ; which, no doubt, was now remembered against him. He being now expelled, went into France. Henry Bull was another, who, assisted by Bentham, openly in the choir shook the censer out of the hands of them that ministered, that incense might not be offered to an idol. He departed, and lived secretly at home. Others of them were, Michael Renniger, John Molins, Arthur Saul, Peter Morwin, Hugh Kirk, Luke Purefey ; all, I think, exiles afterwards. Of this college were some others of great name for their learn- ing and piety. I will mention three: John Fox, the mar- Hai ley, Bi- tyrologist ; John Harley, Bishop of Hereford ; and Julinus Hereford. Palmer, the martyr ; who was pupil to the said Harley, and iuvit. Jueii. so was Dr. Humfrey. Of this Harley be it noted further, that just upon the death of King Henry VIII. and the ac- cess of King Edward to the crown, while all the University stood at maze, as it were, expecting which way religion 54 would go, he boldly preached the doctrine of faith alone justifying, in a Lenten sermon in St. Peter's church: the Doctors exceeding mad and disturbed at it ; others fearing what the event would be. The issue was, he was hurried to London as an heretic ; but he escaped, and was prefer- red. He became, first, preacher to the Earl of Warwick, and instructor of his children ; afterward the King^ chap- lain ; and lastly, Bishop of Hereford : in Queen Mary's
UNDER QUEEN MARY I. 83 reign, a poor preacher in woods, sculking up and down, CHAP, and at last died, like a banished man, in his own country. ' Harley, when in the University, was noted for a florid man, Anno 1553. and well seen in human learning. Leland hath a copy of Encomia, verses to him; wherein he praiseth him for being a great admirer of Cicero, and the majesty of Virgil ; and for hav- ing read over all the poets, and being a good poet himself.
the Queen's first Parliament, which began Octob. 23, or, asp ar ii ament . some, 24, and continued sitting till the 6th of December, and then the session of the Parliament ended. During this An act for session they did business to purpose. For in one single act th '^ e o r t " they cut off and repealed, at a clap, no less than nine acts King Ed- of Parliament made under King Edward; all relating to gioaf reformation, viz. First, An act against such persons as should unreverently speak against the sacrament of the body and blood of Christ, commonly called the sacrament of the altar ; and for re- ceiving thereof in both kinds. Yüklə 12,09 Mb. Dostları ilə paylaş:
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